{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T20:22:22Z","timestamp":1792959742281,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]],"date-time":"2023-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiogenic shock is a critical condition of low cardiac output resulting in insufficient systemic perfusion and end-organ dysfunction. Though significant advances have been achieved in reperfusion therapy and mechanical circulatory support, cardiogenic shock continues to be a life-threatening condition associated with a high rate of complications and excessively high patient mortality, reported to be between 35% and 50%. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can provide full cardiopulmonary support, has been increasingly used in the last two decades, and can be used to restore systemic end-organ hypoperfusion. However, a paucity of randomized controlled trials in combination with high complication and mortality rates suggest the need for more research to better define its efficacy, safety, and optimal patient selection. In this review, we provide an updated review on VA-ECMO, with an emphasis on its application in cardiogenic shock, including indications and contraindications, expected hemodynamic and echocardiographic findings, recommendations for weaning, complications, and outcomes. Furthermore, specific emphasis will be devoted to the two published randomized controlled trials recently presented in this setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:46:47Z","timestamp":1693201607000},"page":"5576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in Management of Cardiogenic Shock"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Klaudia J.","family":"Koziol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ameesh","family":"Isath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiavax","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suguru","family":"Ohira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Van Diepen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology and Critical Care, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Lorusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart & Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chayakrit","family":"Krittanawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.2014.880051","article-title":"Short-term mechanical circulatory support by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the management of cardiogenic shock and end-stage heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Brugts","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev. 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