{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:26:39Z","timestamp":1786739199907,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cleft in the lip and\/or palate (CLP) is a congenital facial deformity that significantly impacts the oral cavity\u2019s structure and function. This malformation can affect the oral microbiota. The objective of this systematic review was to examine and consolidate the current scientific evidence on the oral microflora in children with CLP. Methods: The search strategy included the PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. The inclusion criteria were studies assessing oral microbiota in children with CLP. The Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Results: The search strategy identified 422 potential articles. Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria. High heterogeneity was observed in methodologies, sample sites, and patient characteristics. Eight studies assessed the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus in saliva, with some reporting significantly higher levels in the cleft group compared to controls, while others found no differences. One study reported a significantly higher colonization rate of Candida species in patients with cleft lip and\/or palate. Conclusion: The results of the available studies are unclear. Further research is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the oral microbiota and potential implications for oral health management in this population. The review was not registered Registration Statement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12185867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T09:11:18Z","timestamp":1694423478000},"page":"5867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Oral Microbiota in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jacek","family":"\u015awita\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4794-8216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Syci\u0144ska-Dziarnowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3769-9786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianrico","family":"Spagnuolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Napoli, Italy"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Ma\u0144kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1103-1297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Szyszka-Sommerfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12349","article-title":"The electrical activity of the masticatory muscles in children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"28","author":"Kawala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Paediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2000). Global strategies to reduce the healthcare burden of craniofacial anomalies. Br. Dent. 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