{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:39Z","timestamp":1787028639774,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the association between periodontal disease and prostate inflammation with a null hypothesis stating that periodontal disease does not increase the incidence of prostate inflammation. Materials and methods: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational cohort and case-control studies that evaluated the odds ratio or hazard ratio and confidence interval was undertaken based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations (2020). A total of four databases were consulted in the literature search: PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. After eliminating duplicated articles and applying the inclusion criteria, seven articles were selected for the qualitative and quantitative analyses. Results: Four observational cohort studies and three observational cohort case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The four observational cohort studies were combined using the random effects model to estimate a hazard ratio of 1.32 with a confidence interval of 95% between 0.87 and 1.77. The meta-analysis presented high heterogeneity (Q test = 56.1; p value &lt; 0.001; I2 = 94.9%). Moreover, the three observational case-control studies were combined using the random effects model to estimate an odds ratio of 1.62 with a confidence interval of 95% between 1.41 and 1.84. The meta-analysis presented high heterogeneity (Q test = 1.07; p value = 0.782; I2 = 0%). Conclusions: The incidence of periodontal disease does not increase the risk of the incidence of prostate inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12186070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T01:32:50Z","timestamp":1695173570000},"page":"6070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Relationship between Prostate Inflammation and Periodontal Disease\u2014A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pablo","family":"Ort\u00edz de Urbina Comer\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9362-9702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Zubizarreta-Macho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Implant Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Bel\u00e9n","family":"Lobo Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Implant Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3952-7681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Montiel-Company","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-3408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda-Fernanda","family":"Lorenzo-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Servicio de Urolog\u00eda del Hospital, Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1338-0551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Flores Fraile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barone, B., Mirto, B.F., Falcone, A., Del Giudice, F., Aveta, A., Napolitano, L., Del Biondo, D., Ferro, M., Busetto, G.M., and Manfredi, C. 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