{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:40Z","timestamp":1787028640309,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Salix Pharmaceuticals"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Constipation is frequently encountered in hospital settings and can have potentially serious consequences yet is often underrecognized and undertreated. Opioid-induced constipation is a common cause of constipation in hospitalized patients. Opioids induce constipation through agonistic effects on enteric \u00b5-opioid receptors. This review aims to provide insight on the identification and management of constipation in inpatient settings, with a particular focus on opioid-induced constipation. Constipation assessment should be routinely initiated at hospital admission and can be facilitated by thorough symptom assessments; relevant patient history, including recent medication use; physical examination; and patient assessment tools developed to evaluate the impact of constipation. Management of opioid-induced constipation should begin with ensuring adequate hydration and electrolyte balance and encouraging patient mobilization. Other treatments may include laxatives, enemas, intestinal secretagogues, peripherally acting \u00b5-opioid receptor antagonists, and manual disimpaction. Surgical intervention may be required for some patients as a salvage therapy in severe, refractory cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12196148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:48:31Z","timestamp":1695552511000},"page":"6148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Management of Constipation in Hospitalized Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gregory S.","family":"Sayuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi T.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corey","family":"Shy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12511","article-title":"Constipation\u2013prevalence and incidence among medical patients acutely admitted to hospital with a medical condition","volume":"23","author":"Noiesen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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