{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T16:07:48Z","timestamp":1768925268406,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dexmedetomidine prevents postoperative cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which acts as an inflammatory marker. This study investigated the HMGB1 levels and the cognitive function using a Mini-Cog\u00a9 score in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with dexmedetomidine infusion. In total, 128 patients aged \u2265 65 years were analyzed. The patients received saline in the control group and dexmedetomidine in the dexmedetomidine group until the end of surgery. Blood sampling and the Mini-Cog\u00a9 test were performed before the surgery and on postoperative days 1 and 3. The primary outcomes were the effect of dexmedetomidine on the HMGB1 levels and the Mini-Cog\u00a9 score in terms of postoperative cognitive function. The Mini-Cog\u00a9 score over time differed significantly between the groups (p = 0.008), with an increase in the dexmedetomidine group. The postoperative HMGB1 levels increased over time in both groups; however, there was no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.969). The probability of perioperative neurocognitive disorders decreased by 0.48 times as the Mini-Cog\u00a9 score on postoperative day 3 increased by 1 point. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine has shown an increase in the postoperative Mini-Cog\u00a9 score. Thus, the Mini-Cog\u00a9 score is a potential tool for evaluating cognitive function in elderly patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12206610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T05:43:28Z","timestamp":1697694208000},"page":"6610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Mini-Cog Score and High-Mobility Group Box 1 Levels in Elderly Patients with Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Seung Hee","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi Jin","family":"Jue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7804-9264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Biomedical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sooyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won-joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1298-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kye-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul 01757, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong In","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7259-466X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heeseung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200703000-00023","article-title":"Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after noncardiac surgery: A systematic review","volume":"106","author":"Newman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2017.11.087","article-title":"Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery\u20142018","volume":"121","author":"Evered","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. 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