{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T17:37:56Z","timestamp":1788975476102,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Inflammatory microenvironment is an essential component of all tumors, including thyroid cancer. Autoimmune thyroid diseases are often associated with thyroid cancer. CD25, expressed in Treg cells and B cells, has been found to be associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases and the NFkB pathway is critical to tumor formation, regulating immune-related genes, and pro-inflammatory cytokine. Methods: Protein expression of CD25 and NFkB and its phosphorylated form was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 80 patients with thyroid cancer (10 cases of cancers with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and 70 cases without). Results: CD25 was mainly detected in the nucleus of the inflammatory cells such as in the thyrocytes and neoplastic cells. Protein staining was detected in the T-lymphocytes of the outermost zone of the lymphoid follicles. Moreover, in all cancer alterations, there were a higher level of p-NFkB than in the surrounding tissues. Again, p-NFkB staining was evident in neoplastic cells but not evident in inflammatory cells. Conclusions: Strong inflammatory infiltrate in the tumor microenvironment is correlated with an invasive phenotype. CD25 and p-NFkB levels were statistically significantly overexpressed in cancer cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T05:01:08Z","timestamp":1698555668000},"page":"6817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Tumor Inflammatory Microenvironment of the Thyroid Cancer: Relationship between Regulatory T-Cell Imbalance, and p-NF\u039aB (p65) Expression\u2014A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5674-635X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Pasquali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3598-7522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Giacomelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialist Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pedicillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Conzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2714-2769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4955-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilenia","family":"De Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Angelillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6964-5152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Pathology Unit, Department of Woman and Child\u2019s Health and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Unit, AOU Vanvitelli, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Digitale Selvaggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2820-7607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"Melcarne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4198-407X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e1298","article-title":"Integrated metabolic and genetic analysis reveals distinct features of human DTC","volume":"6","author":"Sawant","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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