{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:39:16Z","timestamp":1760150356320,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study describes a cohort of patients presenting with histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A29-associated retinal vasculitis without choroidal lesions that may share clinical features with birdshot retinochoroiditis. The methods include a retrospective chart review of patients presenting with HLA-A29-associated retinal vasculitis without choroidal lesions. The data on the patients were entered retrospectively into a new database and analyzed. Four patients who had HLA-A29-associated retinal vasculitis without choroidal lesions were identified. The median age at presentation was 40 years (range: 14\u201371); 75% were female. At presentation, all four patients had a visual acuity of 20\/50 or better in both eyes. All the eyes had mild vitritis, three eyes (37.5%) had cystoid macular edema, and two eyes (25%) had optic disc edema. All the patients required treatment with systemic steroids and immunosuppressive therapy. HLA-A29-associated retinal vasculitis without choroidal lesions appears to share many clinical features with birdshot chorioretinitis, including the need for systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Whether this entity represents an early form of birdshot retinochoroiditis or a more localized variant of the disease is a topic for additional studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12227023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T05:04:56Z","timestamp":1699592696000},"page":"7023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Histocompatibility Leukocyte Antigen-A29-Associated Retinal Vasculitis without Choroidal Lesions: A Report of 4 Cases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Estefan\u00eda","family":"Ram\u00edrez-M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1221-9822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sof\u00eda C.","family":"Ayala Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"De Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillermo A.","family":"Requejo Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona M.","family":"Riskalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghan E.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dara","family":"Koozekanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7533-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando L.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"Characteristics, Upon Presentation, of a Cohort of Hispanic Patients with Birdshot Retinochoroidopathy","volume":"39","author":"Marrero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Puerto Rico Health Sci. 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Scand."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/22\/7023\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:20:52Z","timestamp":1760131252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/22\/7023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12227023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12227023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]}}}