{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:04:34Z","timestamp":1772798674699,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The efficacy of remdesivir in reducing disease severity among COVID-19-infected patients has been established, but concerns have emerged regarding the potential side effects of bradycardia. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between remdesivir-induced bradycardia and mortality, while also identifying the related risk factors. Materials and methods: The PubMed\/Medline, Cochrane Central and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials and prospective or retrospective cohort studies were included (through 14 July 2023). The random-effects model was implemented using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 3.0 to examine the outcomes. Results: A total of 12 prospective or retrospective studies involving 7674 patients were analyzed. The primary outcomes revealed a significant association between remdesivir administration and bradycardia development (Odds ratio = 2.556, 95% CI = 2.049\u20133.188, p &lt; 0.001). However, no statistically significant increase in the mortality rate was observed among patients with bradycardia during remdesivir treatment (Odds ratio = 0.872, 95% CI = 0.483\u20131.576, p = 0.651). The secondary outcome demonstrated a significant association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and remdesivir-induced bradycardia (OR: 1.251, 95% CI: 1.003\u20131.561, p = 0.047). Moreover, patients with obesity (OR = 1.347, 95% CI = 1.098\u20131.652, p = 0.004) were more likely to experience remdesivir-induced bradycardia. Conclusions: Although a higher risk of bradycardia occurred during remdesivir treatment, the occurrence of remdesivir-induced bradycardia did not lead to higher mortality. Our study also identified patients with obesity and CKD as high-risk subgroups for experiencing bradycardia during remdesivir treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T08:09:17Z","timestamp":1701763757000},"page":"7518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Remdesivir-Induced Bradycardia and Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Potential Risk Factors Assessment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ming-Ying","family":"Ai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Lun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5925-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Jui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Remdesivir in The Treatment of COVID-19","volume":"121","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. 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