{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T08:04:54Z","timestamp":1792829094341,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced heart failure (AHF) presents a complex landscape with challenges spanning diagnosis, management, and patient outcomes. In response, the integration of multimodality imaging techniques has emerged as a pivotal approach. This comprehensive review delves into the profound significance of these imaging strategies within AHF scenarios. Multimodality imaging, encompassing echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), nuclear imaging and cardiac computed tomography (CCT), stands as a cornerstone in the care of patients with both short- and long-term mechanical support devices. These techniques facilitate precise device selection, placement, and vigilant monitoring, ensuring patient safety and optimal device functionality. In the context of orthotopic cardiac transplant (OTC), the role of multimodality imaging remains indispensable. Echocardiography offers invaluable insights into allograft function and potential complications. Advanced methods, like speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), empower the detection of acute cell rejection. Nuclear imaging, CMR and CCT further enhance diagnostic precision, especially concerning allograft rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy. This comprehensive imaging approach goes beyond diagnosis, shaping treatment strategies and risk assessment. By harmonizing diverse imaging modalities, clinicians gain a panoramic understanding of each patient\u2019s unique condition, facilitating well-informed decisions. The aim is to highlight the novelty and unique aspects of recently published papers in the field. Thus, this review underscores the irreplaceable role of multimodality imaging in elevating patient outcomes, refining treatment precision, and propelling advancements in the evolving landscape of advanced heart failure management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T11:30:14Z","timestamp":1702380614000},"page":"7641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Multimodality Imaging in Advanced Heart Failure for Diagnosis, Management and Follow-Up: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3317-7342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Pergola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3872-8964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Cameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sienna, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Mattesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9698-9145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonello","family":"D\u2019Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Umberto I Hospital, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-4401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Igoren","family":"Guaricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Policlinic University Hospital, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7223-141X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Concetta","family":"Pastore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sienna, 53100 Siena, 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Marra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7153-4040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santo","family":"Dellegrottaglie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Medico-Chirurgico Accreditato Villa dei Fiori, 80011 Acerra, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7745-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Pedrinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabino","family":"Iliceto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6650-1735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Savina","family":"Nodari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Perrone Filardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Pontone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, 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