{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:45:52Z","timestamp":1760150752580,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a commonly encountered medical emergency. In cases of negative endoscopic evaluations, computed tomography angiography (CTA) is usually the next diagnostic step. To date, data regarding positive CTA examinations are lacking. We aimed to assess the clinical and laboratory parameters that predict a positive CTA examination, as demonstrated by the extravasation of contrast material into the bowel lumen. Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective study, including all patients who were admitted with GIB and who underwent CTA. Analysis was performed to compare patients\u2019 characteristics, and logistic regression was used to explore parameters associated with a positive CTA. Results: We included 154 patients. Of them, 25 patients (16.2%) had active GIB on CTA vs. 129 patients (83.8%) who did not. On univariate analysis, several parameters were positively associated with active GIB, including congestive heart failure (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.04\u20135.86, p = 0.04), warfarin use (OR 4.76, 95% CI 1.49\u201315.21, p = 0.008), higher INR (OR 1.33, 1.04\u20131.69, p = 0.02), and low albumin level (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17\u20130.79, p = 0.01). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, only high INR (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.76, p = 0.03) and low albumin (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.12\u20130.7, p = 0.005) kept their positive association with active bleeding, while a high ASA score was negatively associated with an active GIB. Conclusions: We could identify high INR and low albumin as strong predictors of active GIB, as demonstrated by positive CTA. On the other hand, comorbid patients classified by a high ASA score did not experience a higher rate of active GIB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T08:12:57Z","timestamp":1702627977000},"page":"7696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Predictors of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Source before Computed Tomography Angiography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wisam","family":"Sbeit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"},{"name":"Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maamoun","family":"Basheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"},{"name":"Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Shahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"},{"name":"Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharbel","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Botros","family":"Msheael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-6041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimer","family":"Assy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6699-8625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tawfik","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 221001, Israel"},{"name":"Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834c3a02","article-title":"Changing trends in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Crete, Greece: A population-based study","volume":"24","author":"Paspatis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. 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