{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:43:09Z","timestamp":1760150589926,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]],"date-time":"2023-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major risk factor for mortality in patients with osteoarthritis, and such comorbidities increase the risk of postoperative complications following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Arteriosclerosis plays a major role in hemodynamic dysfunction and CVD; however, the postoperative changes in arteriosclerosis following TKA have not been evaluated. Therefore, we assessed the postoperative changes in arteriosclerosis using the cardio\u2013ankle vascular index (CAVI) in patients undergoing TKA, and its relationships with preoperative patient characteristics. Methods: Arteriosclerosis was prospectively evaluated in 119 consecutive patients (140 knees) (15 males (17), 104 females (123); median age 73 years) with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKA. CAVI was measured before and 2 years after TKA, and the relationships between CAVI and preoperative age, sex, BMI, physical activity status, comorbidities, clinical score, triglyceride concentration, cholesterol concentration, and smoking history were analyzed. Results: CAVI remained stable or improved in 54 joints (39%) and worsened in 86 joints (61%) 2 years post-operation. The median difference between pre- and postoperative CAVI was 0.2 (\u22120.3, 0.8), and the only preoperative factor associated with this change was preoperative CAVI (r = \u22120.469, p &lt; 0.001). No other preoperative factor had a significant effect on postoperative arteriosclerosis. Conclusions: The results suggest that patients who undergo TKA subsequently show less severe arteriosclerosis, and the protective effect of TKA on arterial stiffness is greater in those with a higher preoperative CAVI. TKA may be an effective means of reducing the deterioration of arteriosclerosis associated with knee osteoarthritis, at least in the relatively short term.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T10:04:47Z","timestamp":1702893887000},"page":"7734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Arterial Stiffness, Assessed Using the Cardio\u2013Ankle Vascular Index, before and 2 Years after Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3360-8461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Ishii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ishii Orthopaedic & Rehabilitation Clinic, 1089 Shimo-Oshi, Gyoda 361-0037, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ishii Orthopaedic & Rehabilitation Clinic, 1089 Shimo-Oshi, Gyoda 361-0037, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ishii Orthopaedic & Rehabilitation Clinic, 1089 Shimo-Oshi, Gyoda 361-0037, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikuko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ishii Orthopaedic & Rehabilitation Clinic, 1089 Shimo-Oshi, Gyoda 361-0037, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Plastic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0253, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iwate Prefectural Chuo Hospital, 1-4-1 Ueda, Morioka 020-0066, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital, 5-10 Eirakutyo Takaoka, Toyama 933-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin-ichi","family":"Toyabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Niigata University Crisis Management Office, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1 Asahimachi Dori Niigata, Niigata 951-8520, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23250","article-title":"Impact of osteoarthritis on difficulty walking: A population-based study","volume":"70","author":"King","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.07.024","article-title":"The longitudinal relationship between hand, hip and knee osteoarthritis and cardiovascular events: A population-based cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Kendzerska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. 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