{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T04:42:23Z","timestamp":1766983343016,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Study design: Creating and psychometric testing of a new QoL Questionnaire about Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis (Questionnaire of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis\u2014QPSSE). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create a reliable and valid questionnaire for patients suffering from mild and moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who have been treated with Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis (PSSE) in order to evaluate their quality of life. Materials and Methods: The developed questionnaire was based on a thorough literature review as well as on authors\u2019 experience. It consists of 53 questions, of which 37 have a positive meaning, 15 have a negative meaning, and 1 is a multiple choice question; additionally, there are 6 \u201copen\u201d questions. Except for the multiple choice question, all other questions are answered on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5 points. Five represents a positive meaning or very positive one, whereas one stands for a negative meaning or none at all. Questions were developed by the authors who subsequently categorized the 53 questions into the following eight domains: physical functioning, self-image, Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSEs), psychosocial functioning, cognitive functioning, compliance, motivation, and pain. A pilot study was conducted so that we could calculate Cronbach\u2019s Alpha based on the outcome. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors worked through the Zoom online platform to structure the questionnaire. Results: Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient was used for all correlations evaluated. P values of less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach\u2019s Alpha. Although there were very few missing values, accounting for 0.78% of the total values of the questionnaire, the expectation maximization likelihood algorithm was used to impute data. IBM\u00ae SPSS\u00ae Statistics Software v.25 was used for the analysis. Cronbach\u2019s Alpha coefficients for the overall score were 0.84. Conclusions: This original QPSSE was found to be a reliable and valid tool for AIS treated conservatively with PSSE and for the patients\u2019 clinicians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T10:06:43Z","timestamp":1704449203000},"page":"318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Questionnaire of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis\u2014QPSSE"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3018-5168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodoros B.","family":"Grivas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, \u201cTzaneio\u201d General Hospital of Piraeus, 18536 Piraeus, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Dadakaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Lab, Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stavroula A.","family":"Fokidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ICU, \u201cAgios Panteleimon\u201d General Hospital of Nikea, 18454 Piraeus, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0149-2590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandros","family":"Kastrinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Assessment and Quality of Life Research Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Department, University of Thessaly, 3rd km Old National Road Lamia-Athens, 35132 Lamia, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melpomeni","family":"Kosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapist & Complementary Therapist (Acupuncture), 15123 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6714-2722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantinos","family":"Mihas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kymi General Hospital\u2014Health Centre, 34003 Evia, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4520-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Oikonomaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aenaon-Physio, 17342 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Theodosopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athens Scoliosis-Spine Rehabilitation Clinic, Moschato, 18345 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Artemis Margarita","family":"Griva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Psychology, Neapolis University Pafos, 2 Danais Avenue, 8042 Pafos, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2018.0096","article-title":"Etiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Literature Review","volume":"13","author":"Kikanloo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Spine J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307337","article-title":"Effects of Bracing in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"369","author":"Weinstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. 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