{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:08:11Z","timestamp":1768702091204,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DR Healthcare-AB Biotek","award":["DAO-Fib-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DAO-Fib-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Histamine intolerance manifests when there is an imbalance between the production of histamine and the body\u2019s capacity to metabolise it. Within the gastrointestinal tract, diamine oxidase (DAO) plays a pivotal role in breaking down ingested histamine. Insufficient levels of DAO have been linked to various diseases affecting the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, muscular, and digestive systems; some of these symptoms are evidenced in fibromyalgia syndrome. This underscores the crucial role of DAO in maintaining the histamine balance and highlights its association with diverse physiological systems and health conditions. The management of fibromyalgia commonly involves the use of psychotropic medications; however, their potential interactions with DAO remain not fully elucidated. Methods: This study delved into the influence of various psychotropic medications on DAO activity through in vitro experiments. Additionally, we explored their impact on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2, examining alterations in DAO expression at both the mRNA and protein levels along with DAO activity. Results: Notably, the examined drugs\u2014sertraline, pregabalin, paroxetine, alprazolam, and lorazepam\u2014did not exhibit inhibitory effects on DAO activity or lead to reductions in DAO levels. In contrast, citalopram demonstrated a decrease in DAO activity in in vitro assays without influencing DAO levels and activity in human enterocytes. Conclusions: These findings imply that a collaborative approach involving psychotropic medications and DAO enzyme supplementation for individuals with fibromyalgia and a DAO deficiency could offer potential benefits for healthcare professionals in their routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13030792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T11:35:34Z","timestamp":1706614534000},"page":"792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the Relationship between Diamine Oxidase and Psychotropic Medications in Fibromyalgia Treatment, Finding No Reduction in Diamine Oxidase Levels and Activity except with Citalopram"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yaiza","family":"Tobajas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5257-8398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Alemany-Forn\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DR Healthcare-AB Biotek HNH, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3383-6889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Samarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit URV-Eurecat, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Romero-Gim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Cu\u00f1\u00e9-Castellana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DR Healthcare-AB Biotek HNH, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5891-3537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Tintor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DR Healthcare-AB Biotek HNH, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"del Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit URV-Eurecat, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-2396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Canela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit URV-Eurecat, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0700-2004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep M.","family":"del Bas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N\u00e0dia","family":"Ortega-Oliv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"de Lecea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DR Healthcare-AB Biotek HNH, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1172-3995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Escot\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurecat, Centre Tecnol\u00f2gic de Catalunya, Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerdle, B., Bj\u00f6rk, J., C\u00f6ster, L., Henriksson, K., Henriksson, C., and Bengtsson, A. 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