{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T22:42:58Z","timestamp":1780440178209,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1G1A1013360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1G1A1013360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Anterior uveitis (AU) is a significant concern in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and the choice of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) as a treatment modality raises questions regarding its effects on AU. We compared the effects of TNFi on AU in patients with AS. Methods: Patients diagnosed with AS and treated with at least one TNFi, including anti-TNF\u03b1 antibodies (adalimumab and infliximab) or a soluble TNF receptor molecule (etanercept), between January 2010 and December 2022, were retrospectively reviewed. We compared the recurrence rate of AU in patients with a history of uveitis and the incidence of new-onset AU in those without a history of uveitis among the three TNFi groups. We also compared the effects of two different TNFi agents in patients who underwent TNFi switching. Results: Within two years of treatment initiation, there was no significant difference in AU recurrence among the three TNFi groups. However, the incidence of new-onset AU was significantly higher in the etanercept group than in the adalimumab group (26.4% vs. 6.3%; p = 0.024). After two years, the AU recurrence rate was significantly lower in the adalimumab group than in the other groups (p &lt; 0.001). Among patients who underwent anti-TNFi switching, adalimumab treatment was associated with a significantly lower incidence of uveitis than etanercept (p = 0.023). Conclusion: In the short-term period following TNFi therapy, etanercept induced new-onset AU more frequently than adalimumab in patients with AS. Adalimumab recipients experienced fewer AU recurrences during the subsequent long-term period compared to other TNFi recipients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13030912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T12:38:24Z","timestamp":1707223104000},"page":"912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparison of Incidence or Recurrence of Anterior Uveitis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hyeon Yoon","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3542-2276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4545-8344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Joon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1406182","article-title":"Ankylosing Spondylitis and Axial Spondyloarthritis","volume":"374","author":"Taurog","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. 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