{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:28:33Z","timestamp":1788863313447,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ventral incisional hernias are common indications for elective repair and frequently complicated by recurrence. Surgical meshes, which may be synthetic, bio-synthetic, or biological, decrease recurrence and, resultingly, their use has become standard. While most patients are greatly benefited, mesh represents a permanently implanted foreign body. Mesh may be implanted within the intra-peritoneal, preperitoneal, retrorectus, inlay, or onlay anatomic positions. Meshes may be associated with complications that may be early or late and range from minor to severe. Long-term complications with intra-peritoneal synthetic mesh (IPSM) in apposition to the viscera are particularly at risk for adhesions and potential enteric fistula formation. The overall rate of such complications is difficult to appreciate due to poor long-term follow-up data, although it behooves surgeons to understand these risks as they are the ones who implant these devices. All surgeons need to be aware that meshes are commercial devices that are delivered into their operating room without scientific evidence of efficacy or even safety due to the unique regulatory practices that distinguish medical devices from medications. Thus, surgeons must continue to advocate for more stringent oversight and improved scientific evaluation to serve our patients properly and protect the patient\u2013surgeon relationship as the only rationale long-term strategy to avoid ongoing complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13041005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T03:53:46Z","timestamp":1707450826000},"page":"1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Are Surgeons Going to Be Left Holding the Bag? Incisional Hernia Repair and Intra-Peritoneal Non-Absorbable Mesh Implant Complications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1692-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Kirkpatrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Trauma Services, Department of Surgery, Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada"},{"name":"TeleMentored Ultrasound Supported Medical Interventions (TMUSMI) Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3H 3W8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Coccolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0165-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matti","family":"Tolonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Surgery Department, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samual","family":"Minor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5558-9965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Catena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head Emergency and General Surgery Department, Bufalini Hospital, 47521 Cesena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Celotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2267-9117","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Emanuel","family":"Gois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6502-9195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gennaro","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Surgery, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Novelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiurgia Generale e d\u2019Urgenza, Osepedale 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Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7956-3097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Belinda","family":"De Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Emergency Minimally Invasive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, 91560 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Tartaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency and General Surgery Unit, New Santa Chiara Hospital, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Lampella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GI 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