{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T08:58:05Z","timestamp":1791622685078,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]],"date-time":"2024-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease. Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (TNMG) is caused by pathogenic maternal autoantibodies that cross the placenta and disrupt signaling at the neuromuscular junction. This is a systematic review of this transient immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated disease. TNMG affects 10\u201320% of children born to mothers with MG. The severity of symptoms ranges from minor feeding difficulties to life-threatening respiratory weakness. Minor symptoms might go unnoticed but can still interfere with breastfeeding. Acetylcholine-esterase inhibitors and antibody-clearing therapies such as immunoglobulins can be used to treat TNMG, but most children do well with observation only. TNMG is self-limiting within weeks as circulating antibodies are naturally cleared from the blood. In rare cases, TNMG is associated with permanent skeletal malformations or permanent myopathy. The mother\u2019s antibodies can also lead to spontaneous abortions. All healthcare professionals meeting pregnant or birthing women with MG or their neonates should be aware of TNMG. TNMG is hard to predict. Reoccurrence is common among siblings. Pre-pregnancy thymectomy and intravenous immunoglobulins during pregnancy reduce the risk. Neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor (FcRn) blocking drugs for MG might reduce TNMG risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13041136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T03:18:38Z","timestamp":1708312718000},"page":"1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis as a Common Complication of a Rare Disease: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2550-2256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny Linnea Victoria","family":"Lindroos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5745-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marte-Helene","family":"Bj\u00f8rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils Erik","family":"Gilhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13788","article-title":"Maternal myasthenia gravis represents a risk for the child through autoantibody transfer, immunosuppressive therapy and genetic influence","volume":"25","author":"Gilhus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. 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