{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T10:58:18Z","timestamp":1769252298373,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Older patients frequently require dosing aids, such as multi-dose medication dispensing (MMD) when they experience medication regimen complexity (MRC) with increased drug use. However, the evaluations of the efficacy of MMD alterations remain limited. (2) Methods: A total of 1120 patients were included in the study who were discharged from hospital during the study period of January to March 2019. The Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) score, a validated 65-item tool in Korea (MRCI-K), was used to quantify MRC. The original MRCI-K scores, representing the typical administration based on prescription information, were compared to recalculated MRCI-K scores measured following MMD during the hospital dispensing period. Differences in MRCI-K across the top four wards based on the numbers of discharge prescription medications were assessed, and the overall scores were categorized into quartiles to identify MMD\u2019s impact within each group. We confirmed the effect of MMD based on the patient\u2019s admission diagnosis depending on MRCI. (3) Results: The mean (standard deviation) of original MRCI scores was 26.2 (13.4), which decreased to 18.9 (8.8) after applying MMD. The decrease in MRCI scores after MMD was statistically significant in all four wards, with the Orthopedic Surgery ward showing the biggest decrease. The patients with MRCI scores in the highest quartile group demonstrated the greatest improvement as a result of the implementation of MMD. Respiratory diseases exhibited the highest baseline MRCI scores due to formulation complexity, and ear, nose, and throat patients demonstrated the most significant reduction in MRC after MMD, depending on the diagnostic criteria at administration. (4) Conclusions: We confirmed the reduction in MRC after applying MMD, as a significant decrease in MRCI-K scores. This study highlights the need to deliver effective pharmacist-led services to identify patients who would benefit from MMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T11:50:07Z","timestamp":1708429807000},"page":"1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0528-5098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunmin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jongsung","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heungjo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8408-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Jung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2012.06.002","article-title":"Looking beyond polypharmacy: Quantification of medication regimen complexity in the elderly","volume":"10","author":"Mansur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. 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Assoc."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/5\/1205\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:01:51Z","timestamp":1760104911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/5\/1205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm13051205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13051205","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]}}}