{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T14:06:31Z","timestamp":1788703591977,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rajavithi Hospital"},{"name":"Thai Society of Hematology"},{"name":"Specific League Funds from Mahidol University"},{"name":"ICTM grant of the Faculty of Tropical Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Internationally established guidelines mention pharmacological prophylaxis for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, there are concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants. This study investigated the associations between thrombosis\/bleeding risk scores and clinical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of adult patients admitted to two hospitals between 2021 and 2022. We analyzed clinical data, laboratory results, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) use, thrombosis, bleeding, and 30-day survival. Results: Of the 160 patients, 69.4% were female, and the median age was 59 years. The rates of thrombotic complications and mortality were 12.5% and 36.3%, respectively. LMWH prophylaxis was administered to 73 of the patients (45.6%). The patients with high Padua prediction scores (PPS) and high IMPROVEVTE scores had a significantly higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to those with low scores (30.8% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.006 and 25.6% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.006). Similarly, elevated IMPROVEVTE and IMPROVEBRS scores were associated with increased mortality (hazard ratios of 7.49 and 6.27, respectively; p &lt; 0.001). Interestingly, LMWH use was not associated with a decreased incidence of VTE when stratified by risk groups. Conclusions: this study suggests that COVID-19 patients with high thrombosis and bleeding risk scores have a higher mortality rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T06:07:53Z","timestamp":1709273273000},"page":"1437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Thrombosis and Bleeding Risk Scores Are Strongly Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kunapa","family":"Iam-Arunthai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1956-1097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Supat","family":"Chamnanchanunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pravinwan","family":"Thungthong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poj","family":"Intalapaporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chajchawan","family":"Nakhahes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawatchai","family":"Suwanban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ponlapat","family":"Rojnuckarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2020.100761","article-title":"Coagulation and anticoagulation in COVID-19","volume":"47","author":"Hadid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713434","article-title":"Bleeding and Bleeding Risk in COVID-19","volume":"Volume 46","author":"Dorgalaleh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2021.1891788","article-title":"Prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 related venous thromboembolism","volume":"133","author":"Kaptein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Postgrad. 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