{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T04:35:10Z","timestamp":1781670910452,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stiftung Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen","award":["D\/107-41020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D\/107-41020"]}]},{"name":"Medical Faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen","award":["D\/107-41020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D\/107-41020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Precise assessment of hypnotic depth in children during procedural sedation with preserved spontaneous breathing is challenging. The Narcotrendindex (NI) offers uninterrupted information by continuous electrocortical monitoring without the need to apply a stimulus with the risk of assessment-induced arousal. This study aimed to explore the correlation between NI and the Comfort Scale (CS) during procedural sedation with midazolam and propofol and to identify an NI target range for deep sedation. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 176 children (6 months to 17.9 years) undergoing procedural sedation with midazolam premedication and continuous propofol infusion. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation of NI and CS values, logistic regression, and receiver operating curves. Results: Median NI values varied with CS and age. The correlation coefficient between CS and NI was 0.50 and slightly higher in procedure-specific subgroup analyses. The optimal NI cut-off for deep sedation was between 50 and 60 depending on the analyzed subgroup and displayed high positive predictive values for sufficient sedation throughout. Conclusion: Our study found a moderate correlation between NI and CS, demonstrating reliable identification of adequately sedated patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T10:11:57Z","timestamp":1709547117000},"page":"1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Correlation of Comfort Score and Narcotrend Index during Procedural Sedation with Midazolam and Propofol in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3809-1887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Bruns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina A.","family":"Joist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin M.","family":"Joist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Felderhoff-M\u00fcser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Dohna-Schwake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Tschiedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e461","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2577","article-title":"Effect of age and sedative agent on the accuracy of bispectral index in detecting depth of sedation in children","volume":"120","author":"Malviya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.01975.x","article-title":"Value of bispectral index monitor in differentiating between moderate and deep Ramsay Sedation Scores in children","volume":"16","author":"Mason","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paediatr. 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