{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:53:46Z","timestamp":1760144026529,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: While patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are known to have an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF), there is a scarcity of national population-based studies that evaluate the impact of AF on SLE. Methods: In this study, we use the 2016 to 2019 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to determine the impact of AF on inpatient outcomes among adults hospitalized with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Among a total of 41,004 SLE hospitalizations, 1495 (3.65%) patients had a concurrent diagnosis of AF. The baseline hospital and patient characteristics for both cohorts (SLE with AF and SLE without AF) were compared using the chi-square test and Student\u2019s t-test while univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for in-hospital outcomes for both cohorts. Results: Our data revealed that among SLE patients, AF was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (aOR 2.07), length of stay (9.03 days), and hospital costs (USD 100,190.50) along with increased incidence of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (aOR 2.79), pericardial effusion (aOR 2.38), cardiac tamponade (aOR 3.33), and cardiogenic shock (aOR 8.19). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that patients hospitalized with SLE and underlying AF may be at risk for poor clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T04:47:05Z","timestamp":1710478025000},"page":"1675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation and Related Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Analysis of United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database 2016\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4398-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sushmita","family":"Mittal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chokkalingam","family":"Siva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.09.009","article-title":"Leveraging Heterogeneity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for New Therapies","volume":"27","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Mol. 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