{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:24:09Z","timestamp":1772155449927,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of the direction and magnitude of primary lateral spinal curvature in children with scoliosis. Methods: Ninety-six children diagnosed with scoliosis were included in the study group, and fifty healthy peers were included in the control group. Posturographic measurements of body weight distribution and posturometric tests with eyes open and closed were performed. Results: Based on the symmetry index values, the study group was divided into children with symmetrical and asymmetrical body weight distributions on the basis of support. Then, taking into account the direction of the primary curvature, children with asymmetrical body weight distributions were divided into: (1) children with left-sided or right-sided scoliosis with overload on the same side of the body; and (2) children with left-sided or right-sided scoliosis with overload on the opposite side of the body. According to both posturometric tests, increased CoP spatial displacement was observed in the children with scoliosis compared to the healthy controls. The obtained results showed that increased asymmetry index and Cobb angle values significantly increase medial\u2013lateral postural instability in children with scoliosis. Conclusions: These findings suggest that treatment to restore symmetric body weight distribution may prevent the progression of postural instability; however, this requires confirmation through further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T04:47:05Z","timestamp":1710478025000},"page":"1690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of the Direction of Primary Lateral Spinal Curvature on Postural Stability in Children with Scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9833-7201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Siwiec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Paul II Pediatric Center in Sosnowiec, 41-218 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9086-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Domagalska-Szopa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Age Physiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyk\u00f3w 12, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Kwiecie\u0144-Czerwieniec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Paul II Pediatric Center in Sosnowiec, 41-218 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1765-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Szopa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyk\u00f3w 12, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Neuromed, Rehabilitation and Medical Center, Armii Krajowej 34, 40-698 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5539\/mas.v12n9p19","article-title":"Location of scoliosis and postural reactions among girls aged 7\u201318 years","volume":"12","author":"Wilczynski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ca\u021ban, L., Cerbu, S., Amaricai, E., Suciu, O., Horhat, D.I., Popoiu, C.M., Adam, O., and Boia, E. (2020). Assessment of static plantar pressure, stabilometry, vitamin D and bone mineral density in female adolescents with moderate idiopathic scoliosis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17062167"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s13530-014-0197-6","article-title":"Comparison of static plantar foot pressure between healthy subjects and patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"259","article-title":"Scoliosis screening using plantar pressure analysis","volume":"115","author":"Dimitriu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Med.-Chir. Soc. Med. Nat. Iasi"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17597-y","article-title":"Postural control through force plate measurements in female AIS patients compared to their able-bodied peers","volume":"12","author":"Borzucka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3701-4","article-title":"Idiopathic scoliosis and the vestibular system","volume":"24","author":"Hawasli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E847","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ff5837","article-title":"Postural instability in early-stage idiopathic scoliosis in adolescent girls","volume":"36","author":"Haumont","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-1040(04)70097-5","article-title":"Postural control in idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison between healthy and scoliotic subjects","volume":"90","author":"Silferi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev. Chir. Orthop. Reparatrice l\u2019Appar. Mot."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"542","article-title":"Investigation of static balance differences between adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy age-matched adolescents: A cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Larni","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Iran. Med. Counc."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200105010-00014","article-title":"Influence of different types of progressive idiopathic scoliosis on static and dynamic postural control","volume":"26","author":"Gauchard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiernicka, M., Kotwicki, T., Kami\u0144ska, E., \u0141ochy\u0144ski, D., Kozinoga, M., Lewandowski, J., and Kocur, P. (2019). Postural stability in adolescent girls with progressive idiopathic scoliosis. BioMed Res. Int., 2019.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7103546"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.25.1629","article-title":"The effect of scoliosis angle on center of gravity sway","volume":"25","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Ther. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000137344.95784.15","article-title":"Effect of body morphology on standing balance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"83","author":"Allard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.09.004","article-title":"Effect of natural sagittal trunk lean on standing balance in untreated scoliotic girls","volume":"49","author":"Leteneur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"112","article-title":"The direction of primary lateral spinal curvature and distribution of body mass on base of support in children with scoliosis I\u00b0","volume":"22","author":"Siwiec","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pol. J. Physiother."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200209010-00018","article-title":"Relations between standing stability and body posture parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"27","author":"Nault","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0404-0","article-title":"Free moment contribution to quiet standing in able-bodied and scoliotic girls","volume":"16","author":"Dalleau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.02.015","article-title":"Time-to-contact and multiscale entropy identify differences in postural control in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"34","author":"Gruber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2019.2825","article-title":"Evaluation of balance in young adults with idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"65","author":"Urak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e31818e1bc9","article-title":"Impaired dynamic balance control in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials","volume":"28","author":"Lao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01270","article-title":"Asymmetric unilateral vestibular perception in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"10","author":"Woo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpb.0000194436.73592.d0","article-title":"Postural control in patients with severe idiopathic scoliosis: A prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Mirovsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop. B"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-150641","article-title":"Balance and gait performance of scoliotic subjects: A review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Karimi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","article-title":"2016 SOSORT guidelines: Orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth","volume":"13","author":"Negrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u0105browska, A., Olszewska-Karaban, M.A., Permoda-Bia\u0142ozorczyk, A.K., and Szalewska, D.A. (2020). The postural control indexes during unipodal support in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. BioMed Res. Int., 2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7936095"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.03.027","article-title":"The influence of vision and support base on balance during quiet standing in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis before and after posterior spinal fusion","volume":"13","author":"Reis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-018-0163-1","article-title":"Does postural stability differ between adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and typically developed? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Dufvenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scoliosis"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2022-0038","article-title":"Cone of Economy with the Chain of Balance-Historical Perspective and Proof of Concept","volume":"6","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine Surg. Relat. Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/6\/1690\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:14:02Z","timestamp":1760105642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/6\/1690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm13061690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13061690","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]}}}