{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:46:16Z","timestamp":1790621176032,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AL amyloidosis is caused by the excessive production of nonfunctional immunoglobulins, leading to the formation of amyloid fibrils that damage vital organs, especially the heart and kidneys. AL amyloidosis presents with non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, numbness, pain, and nephrotic syndrome. Consequently, diagnosis is often delayed, and patients typically present with advanced disease at diagnosis. The Pavia renal staging model stratifies patients based on their likelihood of progressing to dialysis. Treatment with daratumumab plus cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (i.e., Dara-CyBorD) was effective in inducing renal response in the landmark phase III ANDROMEDA trial and reducing early mortality. However, determining the most appropriate treatment regimen for relapsed or refractory cases remains a challenge due to various patient- and disease-related factors. Encouragingly, t(11:14) may be a positive indicator of therapy responses to the anti-BCL2 therapy venetoclax. Moreover, it is increasingly possible\u2014for the first time\u2014to clear AL amyloid fibrils from peripheral organs by leveraging novel anti-fibril immunotherapeutic approaches, although these medications are still under investigation in clinical trials. Given these advancements, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current strategies for diagnosing, staging, treating, and monitoring AL amyloidosis, emphasizing renal involvement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T05:14:07Z","timestamp":1710738847000},"page":"1744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Renal AL Amyloidosis: Updates on Diagnosis, Staging, and Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1202-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Areez","family":"Shafqat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Elmaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1939-1665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaina","family":"Firdous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Medicine, WellSpan York Hospital, York, PA 17403, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1385-0090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omer","family":"Ashruf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debduti","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Catholic Health System, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maheen","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnoor","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology and Society, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2739-2265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahzad","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6914-7439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faiz","family":"Anwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2020.08.001","article-title":"Systemic Amyloidosis Due to Clonal Plasma Cell Diseases","volume":"34","author":"Bianchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hematol. 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