{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:23:29Z","timestamp":1790360609970,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of various lactate measurements within the first 24 h post-intensive care unit (ICU) admission for predicting 30-day mortality in cardiogenic shock patients. It compared initial lactate levels, 24 h levels, peak levels, and 24 h clearance, alongside the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS3) score, to enhance early treatment decision-making. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 64 patients assessed the prognostic performance of lactate levels and SAPS3 scores using logistic regression and AUROC calculations. Results: Of the baseline parameters, only the SAPS3 score predicted survival independently. The lactate level after 24 h (LL) was the most accurate predictor of mortality, outperforming initial levels, peak levels, and 24 h-clearance, and showing a significant AUROC. LL greater than 3.1 mmol\/L accurately predicted mortality with high specificity and moderate sensitivity. Conclusions: Among lactate measurements for predicting 30-day mortality in cardiogenic shock, the 24 h lactate level was the most effective one, suggesting its superiority for early prognostication over initial or peak levels and lactate clearance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13071932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T12:41:57Z","timestamp":1711543317000},"page":"1932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Lactate as a Predictor of 30-Day Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Gregor","family":"Klemm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Markart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6103-7884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Hermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Staudinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8284-2994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Hengstenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gottfried","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8226-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Zilberszac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000624","article-title":"An Overview of International Cardiogenic Shock Guidelines and Application in Clinical Practice","volume":"25","author":"Thiele","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. 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