{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T13:15:14Z","timestamp":1769606114533,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vascular plugs are an evolving family of vessel occluders providing a single-device embolization system for large, high-flow arteries. Nitinol mesh plugs and polytetrafluoroethylene membrane plugs are available in different configurations and sizes to occlude arteries from 3 to 20 mm in diameter. Possible applications during complex endovascular aortic procedures are aortic branch embolization to prevent endoleak or to gain an adequate landing zone, directional branch occlusion, and false lumen embolization in aortic dissection. Plugs are delivered through catheters or introducers, and their technical and clinical results are comparable to those of coil embolization. Plugs are more accurate than coils as repositionable devices, less prone to migration, and have fewer blooming artifacts on postoperative computed tomography imaging. Their main drawback is the need for larger delivery systems. This narrative review describes up-to-date techniques and technology for plug embolization in complex aortic repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13072084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T08:42:34Z","timestamp":1712133754000},"page":"2084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Plug-Based Embolization Techniques of Aortic Side Branches during Standard and Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Melloni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7156-7827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"D\u2019Oria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiothoracovascular Department, University Hospital of Trieste ASUGI, 34139 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Dioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Ongaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Badalamenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiothoracovascular Department, University Hospital of Trieste ASUGI, 34139 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Lepidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiothoracovascular Department, University Hospital of Trieste ASUGI, 34139 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bonardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6871-2176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Bertoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.08.147","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Early Outcomes after Endovascular versus Open Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms","volume":"68","author":"Rocha","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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