{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:00:02Z","timestamp":1760144402126,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tokyo Metropolitan Government","award":["2023\u20132025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u20132025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This investigation sought to cross validate the predictors of tongue pressure recovery in elderly patients\u2019 post-treatment for head and neck tumors, leveraging advanced machine learning techniques. Methods: By employing logistic regression, support vector regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting, the study analyzed an array of variables including patient demographics, surgery types, dental health status, and age, drawn from comprehensive medical records and direct tongue pressure assessments. Results: Among the models, logistic regression emerged as the most effective, demonstrating an accuracy of 0.630 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.370\u20130.778], F1 score of 0.688 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.435\u20130.853], precision of 0.611 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.313\u20130.801], recall of 0.786 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.413\u20130.938] and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.626 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.409\u20130.806]. This model distinctly highlighted the significance of glossectomy (p = 0.039), the presence of functional teeth (p = 0.043), and the patient\u2019s age (p = 0.044) as pivotal factors influencing tongue pressure, setting the threshold for statistical significance at p &lt; 0.05. Conclusions: The analysis underscored the critical role of glossectomy, the presence of functional natural teeth, and age as determinants of tongue pressure in logistics regression, with the presence of natural teeth and the tumor site located in the tongue consistently emerging as the key predictors across all computational models employed in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T10:30:52Z","timestamp":1713436252000},"page":"2363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Machine Learning Prediction of Tongue Pressure in Elderly Patients with Head and Neck Tumor: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xuewei","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Mogushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Hase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 1088345, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Mathematical Modelling and Data Science, Osaka University, Osaka 5608531, Japan"},{"name":"The Systems Biology Institute, Tokyo 1410022, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuyuki","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoritsugu","family":"Iida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3982-8369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuka I.","family":"Sumita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Partial and Complete Denture, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry, Tokyo 1028159, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 1138510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12603","article-title":"Oral Hypofunction and Its Relation to Frailty and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older People","volume":"39","author":"Yoshida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2012.00662.x","article-title":"Investigation of Factor Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Head and Neck Cancer Patients","volume":"30","author":"Morimata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12253","article-title":"Investigation of Nutritional Status Using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and Analysis of the Relevant Factors in Patients with Head and Neck Tumour","volume":"34","author":"Yanagi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12347","article-title":"Oral Hypofunction in the Older Population: Position Paper of the Japanese Society of Gerodontology in 2016","volume":"35","author":"Minakuchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13266","article-title":"Tongue Cleaning in the Elderly and Its Role in the Respiratory and Swallowing Functions: Benefits and Medical Perspectives","volume":"48","author":"Izumi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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