{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:40:29Z","timestamp":1780677629957,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Treatment of oropharyngolaryngeal venous malformations (VMs) remains challenging. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of fluoroscopy- and endoscopy-guided transoral sclerotherapy for oropharyngolaryngeal VMs in a hybrid operation room (OR). Methods: Patients with oropharyngolaryngeal VMs who underwent transoral sclerotherapy in a hybrid OR were enrolled. Results: Fourteen patients (six females, eight males; median age of 26 years; range, 4\u201371 years) were analyzed. The symptoms observed were breathing difficulties (n = 3), snoring (n = 2), sleep apnea (n = 1), and swallowing difficulties (n = 1). Lesions were extensive in the face and neck (n = 9) and limited in the oropharyngolarynx (n = 5). A permanent tracheostomy was performed on two patients, while a temporary tracheostomy was performed on five patients. The treated regions were the soft palate (n = 8), pharynx (n = 7), base of the tongue (n = 4), and epiglottis (n = 1). The median number of sclerotherapy sessions was 2.5 (range, 1\u20139). The median follow-up duration was 81 months (range, 6\u2013141). Treatment outcomes were graded as excellent (n = 2), good (n = 7), or fair (n = 5). The post-treatment complication was bleeding (n = 1), resulting in an urgent tracheostomy. Conclusions: Fluoroscopy- and endoscopy-guided transoral sclerotherapy in a hybrid OR can be effective and safe for oropharyngolaryngeal VMs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T10:30:52Z","timestamp":1713436252000},"page":"2369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fluoroscopy- and Endoscopy-Guided Transoral Sclerotherapy Using Foamed Polidocanol for Oropharyngolaryngeal Venous Malformations in a Hybrid Operation Room: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6068-7276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kosuke","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3612-8201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taku","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Funayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Murao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4180-6556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1953-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9414-8927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongkyung","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5131-1038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shintaro","family":"Mitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7279-0383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shunichi","family":"Oide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhei","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vascular Anomalies, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo 060-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.07.014","article-title":"Hybrid operating room for the treatment of complex neurovascular and brachiocephalic lesions","volume":"22","author":"Iihara","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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