{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:09:38Z","timestamp":1791994178823,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine\u2013metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Diagnosis is based on the evidence-based international guideline 2018 and the Rotterdam Consensus to classify PCOS phenotypes. This study aims to characterize the biodemographic, clinical, metabolic, and reproductive variables and their relationship with PCOS phenotypes in a population from the Ecuadorian Andes. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-random consecutive sample of 92 women who attended the outpatient gynecology and endocrinology clinic at the Hospital of the Technical University of Loja (UTPL)\u2014Santa In\u00e9s, Loja, Ecuador, between January 2022 and July 2023. Descriptive statistics, mean calculations, standard deviation, parametric and nonparametric tests, odds ratios (OR), confidence intervals (CI), and p-values were employed. Results: The average age was 22 \u00b1 3.4 years, with a predominantly mestizo, urban, single, highly educated, and medium\u2013high socioeconomic level population. It was identified that phenotypes A + B are at a higher risk of developing oligomenorrhea and hypertriglyceridemia compared to phenotypes C + D, with statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, in terms of reproductive variables, phenotypes A + B exhibit a significantly higher frequency of elevated anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) compared to phenotypes C + D, also with statistical significance (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The classical phenotypes A and B of PCOS are the most common in Ecuadorian Andean women and carry a higher risk of insulin resistance, anovulation, metabolic disorders, and elevated triglyceride levels compared to phenotypes C and D. Ethnic diversity and sociocultural habits influence the prevalence and clinical manifestations of these phenotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T06:28:09Z","timestamp":1713508089000},"page":"2376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Phenotypic Characterization of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Population from the Ecuadorian Andes: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Elena","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Particular de Loja, UTPL, San Cayetano alto s\/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4853-4282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6014-1241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Otzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Nucleus on Sociomedicine, Santiago 7560908, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6012-3403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Estefan\u00eda","family":"Bautista-Valarezo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Particular de Loja, UTPL, San Cayetano alto s\/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Particular de Loja, UTPL, San Cayetano alto s\/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6317-2668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Corrales-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foetal Medicine Unit, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, 41009 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9475-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Leon-Larios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Manterola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Nucleus on Sociomedicine, Santiago 7560908, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eoz011","article-title":"Evolutionary Origins of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Environmental Mismatch Disorder","volume":"2019","author":"Charifson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evol. 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