{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:12:04Z","timestamp":1792098724834,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced respiratory monitoring encompasses a diverse range of mini- or noninvasive tools used to evaluate various aspects of respiratory function in patients experiencing acute respiratory failure, including those requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Among these techniques, key modalities include esophageal pressure measurement (including derived pressures), lung and respiratory muscle ultrasounds, electrical impedance tomography, the monitoring of diaphragm electrical activity, and assessment of flow index. These tools play a critical role in assessing essential parameters such as lung recruitment and overdistention, lung aeration and morphology, ventilation\/perfusion distribution, inspiratory effort, respiratory drive, respiratory muscle contraction, and patient\u2013ventilator synchrony. In contrast to conventional methods, advanced respiratory monitoring offers a deeper understanding of pathological changes in lung aeration caused by underlying diseases. Moreover, it allows for meticulous tracking of responses to therapeutic interventions, aiding in the development of personalized respiratory support strategies aimed at preserving lung function and respiratory muscle integrity. The integration of advanced respiratory monitoring represents a significant advancement in the clinical management of acute respiratory failure. It serves as a cornerstone in scenarios where treatment strategies rely on tailored approaches, empowering clinicians to make informed decisions about intervention selection and adjustment. By enabling real-time assessment and modification of respiratory support, advanced monitoring not only optimizes care for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome but also contributes to improved outcomes and enhanced patient safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13092541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T03:23:47Z","timestamp":1714101827000},"page":"2541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Advanced Respiratory Monitoring during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rachele","family":"Simonte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmaria","family":"Cammarota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3745-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Vetrugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9182-6964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"De Robertis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6970-7202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Longhini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 della Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, \u201cR. Dulbecco\u201d University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5027-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Savino","family":"Spadaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0291","article-title":"Epidemiology, patterns of care, and mortality for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units in 50 countries","volume":"315","author":"Bellani","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04572-w","article-title":"Management of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: A primer","volume":"27","author":"Grotberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. 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