{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:11:34Z","timestamp":1789726294134,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) commonly experience pulmonary exacerbations, and it is recommended by the TOPIC study to treat this with tobramycin at a dose of 10 mg\/kg once daily. The aim of this study was to evaluate the target attainment of the current dosing regimen. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study of child and adult patients with CF who received tobramycin between 2019 and 2022 was conducted. Descriptive statistics and linear mixed models were used to assess target attainment for tobramycin.\u00a0Results: In total, 25 patients (53 courses), of which 10 were children (12 courses) and 15 were adults (41 courses), were included. Those 25 patients all received 10 mg\/kg\/day. The tobramycin peak concentrations were supratherapeutic in 82.9% and therapeutic in 100.0% of adults and children, respectively. The trough concentrations were outside the target range in 0% and 5.1% of children and adults, respectively. We found lower tobramycin concentrations with the same dose in children compared to adults. Conclusions: This study illustrates the need to validate dosing advice in a real-world setting, as supratherapeutic concentrations of tobramycin were prevalent in adults with CF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13092641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T08:14:31Z","timestamp":1714464871000},"page":"2641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of Target Attainment for Tobramycin in Children and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sheseira T. L.","family":"Struiken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danique","family":"Lob\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eline L. van","family":"Tuinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1429-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Touw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hester van der","family":"Vaart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arno R.","family":"Bourgonje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart L.","family":"Rottier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard H.","family":"Koppelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3551-1201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Mian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (2023, April 18). 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Drug Monit."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/9\/2641\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:36:52Z","timestamp":1760107012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/9\/2641"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm13092641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13092641","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]}}}