{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:20:52Z","timestamp":1791883252064,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and mitral annular disjunction (MAD) are common valvular abnormalities that have been associated with ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has a key role in risk stratification of VA, including assessment of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Methods: Single-center retrospective analysis of patients with MVP or MAD who had &gt;1 CMR and &gt;1 24 h Holter registration available. Data are presented in detail, including evolution of VA and presence of LGE over time. Results: A total of twelve patients had repeated CMR and Holter registrations available, of which in four (33%) patients, it was conducted before and after minimal invasive mitral valve repair (MVR). After a median of 4.7 years, four out of eight (50%) patients without surgical intervention had new areas of LGE. New LGE was observed in the papillary muscles and the mid to basal inferolateral wall. In four patients, presenting with syncope or high-risk non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), programmed ventricular stimulation was performed and in two (50%), sustained monomorphic VT was easily inducible. In two patients who underwent MVR, new LGE was observed in the basal inferolateral wall of which one presented with an increased burden of VA. Conclusions: In patients with MVP and MAD, repeat CMR may show new LGE in a small subset of patients, even shortly after MVR. A subgroup of patients who presented with an increase in VA burden showed new LGE upon repeat CMR. VA in patients with MVP and MAD are part of a heterogeneous spectrum that requires further investigation to establish risk stratification strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13092669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T03:57:56Z","timestamp":1714622276000},"page":"2669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse\u2014A Single-Center Retrospective Registry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Maarten","family":"Blondeel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5612-127X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wouter","family":"L\u2019Hoyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8676-4874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Robyns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8390-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Verbrugghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"De Meester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Dresselaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Giorgio","family":"Masci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King\u2019s College London, St Thomas Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5469-9609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rik","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Bogaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8296-920X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bert","family":"Vandenberk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907013410101","article-title":"Prevalence and Clinical Outcome of Mitral-Valve Prolapse","volume":"341","author":"Freed","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. 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