{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T19:23:51Z","timestamp":1766690631187,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obesity or overweight raises the risk of developing 13 types of cancer, representing 40% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States annually. Given the ongoing debate surrounding the impact of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) on cardiovascular outcomes, it is crucial to comprehend the incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs) and the influence of MHO on these outcomes in cancer patients. Methods: Data of hospitalized cancer patients with and without obesity were analyzed from the National Inpatient Sample 2016\u20132020. Metabolically healthy patients were identified by excluding diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia using Elixhauser comorbidity software, v.2022.1. After that, we performed a multivariable regression analysis for in-hospital MACCEs and other individual outcomes. Results: We identified 3,111,824 cancer-related hospitalizations between 2016 and 2020. The MHO cohort had 199,580 patients (6.4%), whereas the MHnO (metabolically healthy non-obese) cohort had 2,912,244 patients (93.6%). The MHO cohort had a higher proportion of females, Blacks, and Hispanics. Outcomes including in-hospital MACCEs (7.9% vs. 9.5%; p &lt; 0.001), all-cause mortality (6.1% vs. 7.5%; p &lt; 0.001), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (1.5% vs. 1.6%; p &lt; 0.001) were lower in the MHO cohort compared to the MHnO cohort. Upon adjusting for the baseline characteristics, the MHO group had lower odds of in-hospital MACCEs [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.93, 95% CI (0.90\u20130.97), p &lt; 0.001], all-cause mortality [AOR = 0.91, 95% CI (0.87\u20130.94); p &lt; 0.001], and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) [AOR = 0.76, 95% CI (0.69\u20130.84); p &lt; 0.001], whereas there were higher odds of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [AOR = 1.08, 95% CI (1.01\u20131.16); p &lt; 0.001] and cardiac arrest (CA) [AOR = 1.26, 95% CI (1.01\u20131.57); p = 0.045] in the MHO cohort compared to the MHnO cohort. Conclusions: Hospitalized cancer patients with MHO exhibited a lower prevalence of in-hospital MACCEs than those with MHnO. Additional prospective studies and randomized clinical trials are imperative to validate these findings, particularly in stratifying MHO across various cancer types and their corresponding risks of in-hospital MACCEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T09:28:25Z","timestamp":1715592505000},"page":"2820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rising Trends in Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Cancer Patients and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Events: Insights from a Contemporary Nationwide Analysis in the USA (2016\u20132020)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9595-5699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vamsikalyan","family":"Borra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7298-4246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhil","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77079, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nithya","family":"Borra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati 517507, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi Prasanna Vaishnavi","family":"Kattamuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Texas Tech University, El Paso, TX 79409, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidhartha Gautam","family":"Senapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Texas Tech University, El Paso, TX 79409, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4551-5650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naga Vamsi Krishna","family":"Machineni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sindhuja","family":"Kukkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke\u2019s Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthikeya","family":"Ramasahayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram 533201, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kesar","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital Center, NYC Health+ Hospitals, New York, NY 11373, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1668-4120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankit","family":"Vyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine, Oschner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5315-6426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupak","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Outcomes Researcher, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, April 21). 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