{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T15:38:30Z","timestamp":1768837110046,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]],"date-time":"2024-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1)\u00a0Background. Coeliac disease (CD) often co-occurs with autoimmune conditions or genetic syndromes, but there are few studies on the co-existence of CD and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies. The purpose of this study was to assess sensitization to food and aero-allergens in pediatric patients with CD. (2)\u00a0Methods. A multiplex ALEX\u00ae2 test was used to determine specific IgEs (sIgEs). (3)\u00a0Results. The study included 108 children newly diagnosed with CD. Allergen extract- and\/or allergen molecule-sIgEs were detected in 49.1% of children. Most children (41.5%) were sensitized to both inhalant and food allergens. The three most common aero-allergens (timothy pollen, ryegrass, silver birch) were molecules Phl p 1, Lol p 1, and Bet v 1. The most common food allergens (hazelnut, apple, and peanut) were Cor a 1, Mal d 1, and Ara h 8 molecules of the PR-10 subfamily. Patients were not sensitized to cereal allergens containing gluten. Spearman\u2019s rank correlation analysis of sensitized patients showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.31) between the patients\u2019 age and the occurrence of positive sIgEs (\u22650.3 kUA\/L) for inhalant allergen molecules (p = 0.045). In sensitized patients, mainly symptoms of inhalant allergy were observed, such as hay fever, conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma. (4)\u00a0Conclusions. The current study indicates the co-occurrence of IgE sensitization to food and inhalant allergens in children with CD. The study highlights the need to take a closer look at the diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergy in patients with CD, which may help in their care and lead to a better understanding of the relationship between CD and IgE-mediated allergy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T06:31:58Z","timestamp":1716186718000},"page":"2992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sensitization to Food and Aero-Allergens in Children with Coeliac Disease Assessed with the Use of a Multiplex Molecular Diagnostic Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Izabela","family":"Knyziak-M\u0119drzycka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergology Clinic, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-0094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Cukrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathomorphology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8448-0800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Nazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5772-5091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna Beata","family":"Bier\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Janeczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Children Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Profesora Antoniego G\u0119bali Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Krawiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Profesora Antoniego G\u0119bali Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Gromek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish-Ukrainian Foundation of Medicine Development, Na\u0142\u0119czowska 14, 20-701 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8939-2490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Wysoki\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University, Staszica 4\/6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Konopka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Trojanowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6736-2696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Smoli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Parkowa 34, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3638-9292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Majsiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Faculty Health of Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4\/6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301346","article-title":"The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms","volume":"62","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4493","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i32.4493","article-title":"Who to screen and how to screen for celiac disease","volume":"28","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. 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