{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T02:28:57Z","timestamp":1784687337990,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Previous studies have reported controversial results on the association between gout and the risk of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gout and the incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: The data of participants who underwent health checkups in 2009 were analyzed using the National Health Insurance Database in South Korea. A total of 14,348 HNC patients and 57,392 control participants were analyzed for a prior history of gout. Overlap weighting was applied, and odds ratios (ORs) of gout for HNC patients were analyzed. The overlap-weighted model adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors and comorbidities. HNC sites were classified as oral cavity cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, nasal cavity\/sinus cancer, larynx cancer, or salivary gland cancer, and the ORs of gout were estimated for each site. Results: Overall, patients with HNC had 1.12-fold greater odds of having gout (95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 1.04\u20131.20). According to the site of HNC, oral cavity cancer, oropharynx cancer, and larynx cancer demonstrated high odds of having gout (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.16\u20131.34 for oral cavity cancer; OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.01\u20131.15 for oropharynx cancer; and OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.06\u20131.20 for larynx cancer). On the other hand, nasal cavity\/sinus cancer, nasopharynx cancer, and salivary gland cancer presented low odds of having gout (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.72\u20130.84 for nasal cavity\/sinus cancer; OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.83\u20130.96 for nasopharynx cancer; and OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81\u20130.96 for salivary gland cancer). Conclusions: A prior history of gout was associated with a high overall incidence of HNC. Oral cavity cancer, oropharynx cancer, and larynx cancer have a high incidence in gout patients. However, nasal cavity\/sinus cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, and salivary gland cancer have low incidences in gout patients. The impact of gout on HNC risk should be specifically considered according to the site of the HNC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T09:33:31Z","timestamp":1716802411000},"page":"3136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of Gout with Head and Neck Cancer: Longitudinal Follow-Up Studies Using a National Health Insurance Database in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"So Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5409-6798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun Sung","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-9549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyo Geun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suseoseoulent Clinic, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2441-0448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mi Jung","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6937-8093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo-Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00569-9","article-title":"Gout","volume":"397","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.04.008","article-title":"Gout epidemiology and comorbidities","volume":"50","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. 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