{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T18:00:50Z","timestamp":1784138450250,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death and disability worldwide. Although age-standardized CVD mortality rates decreased globally by 14.5% between 2006 and 2016, the burden of CVD remains disproportionately higher in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Even though proven, effective approaches based on multiple-drug intake aimed at the prevention and treatment of CVD are currently available, poor adherence, early discontinuation of treatment, and suboptimal daily execution of the prescribed therapeutic regimes give rise to shortfalls in drug exposure, leading to high variability in the responses to the prescribed medications. Wald and Law, in their landmark paper published in BMJ 2003, hypothesized that the use of a fixed-dose combination of statins, \u03b2-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and aspirin (classic Polypill composition) may increase adherence and decrease CVD by up to 80% when prescribed as primary prevention or in substitution of traditional protocols. Since then, many clinical trials have tested this hypothesis, with comparable results. This review aims to describe the available clinical trials performed to assess the impact of fixed-dose combinations on adherence, cost-effectiveness, and the risk factors critical to the onset of CVD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T06:58:07Z","timestamp":1716965887000},"page":"3179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Polypill: A New Alternative in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1145-3748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enma V. P\u00e1ez","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador"},{"name":"Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia Mato","family":"Matute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C\/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1795-1876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia M.","family":"Sosa Guzm\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadi T.","family":"Khasawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e153","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001052","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142022 update: A report from the American Heart Association","volume":"145","author":"Tsao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2021.02.009","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and prevention: A perspective from developing countries","volume":"37","author":"Teo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. 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