{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:56:46Z","timestamp":1791381406566,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004955","name":"FFG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO999888162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO999888162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hand burns are involved in 80\u201390% of severe burn injuries. Even though hands correspond to a small total burn surface area (TBSA) of less than 5%, the loss of their functionality has a significant impact on the patient\u2019s life. Studies that provide long-term results regarding hand functionality after hand burns are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate functional long-term results in a patient-centric approach regarding burn depth, unilateral and bilateral hand involvement, and (non-)isolated hand burns as potential influencing factors in patients with hand burns. Methods: We conducted a controlled cohort study of patients with burned hands treated at our department between 2005 and 2022. Healthy age-, sex-, and handedness-matched participants were used as controls. Data on the demographics, burn-related injuries, and treatments were collected. For a patient-centric approach, we used the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (Quick-DASH) and the Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ) as patient-reported outcome measures for functional long-term evaluation, and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (patient scale) for assessing long-term scar quality. Results: We enrolled 61 patients with 88 affected hands and 63 matched control participants. Up to 77.1% of the participants were male, with a mean age of 50.7 (\u00b115.5) years and a follow-up of 8.1 (\u00b14.7) years. The mean TBSA was 13.9% (\u00b115.8), with 72.4% of the hands presenting with deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns and most of the patients had only one hand affected (55.7%). The hand burn patients perceived significantly worse long-term functional scores in every domain of the MHQ as well as in the \u201coverall function\u201d and \u201cwork\u201d of the Quick-DASH. Superficial hand burns negatively affected the two-handed activities of daily living (p = 0.013) and aesthetic appearance (p = 0.005) when both hands were involved. Isolated hand burns were associated with more difficulties in work performance (p = 0.03), whereas patients with bilateral hand involvement perceived more pain (p = 0.025). Conclusions: The patients with hand burns can achieve satisfactory long-term functional outcomes over time, but they do not reach the same long-term hand functionality as the healthy matched control group. Our study revealed that factors such as burn depth, unilateral or bilateral hand involvement, and (non-)isolated hand burns indeed have an impact on certain aspects of perceived long-term hand functionality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13123509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T06:29:43Z","timestamp":1718605783000},"page":"3509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Long-Term Functional Outcomes after Hand Burns: A Monocentric Controlled Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4919-7006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Watzinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"COREMED\u2014Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precision Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstra\u00dfe 2, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4493-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Hecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"COREMED\u2014Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precision Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstra\u00dfe 2, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6226-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Petschnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2659-3083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3698-0602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Glantschnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0960-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Moshammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"COREMED\u2014Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precision Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstra\u00dfe 2, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9785-5480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Lisa","family":"Pignet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"COREMED\u2014Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precision Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstra\u00dfe 2, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0773-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Ellersdorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5975-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars-Peter","family":"Kamolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"COREMED\u2014Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precision Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstra\u00dfe 2, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spronk, I., Legemate, C., Oen, I., van Loey, N., Polinder, S., and van Baar, M. 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