{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:12:25Z","timestamp":1760145145034,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The need to conduct research on anxiety and depression in patients with coronary artery disease in connection with factors such as gender or implemented tertiary prevention is very important for drawing practical conclusions and, consequently, implementing new recommendations and procedures. The aim of the study was to attempt to answer the question whether gender and the number of comorbidities, as well as the application of tertiary prevention principles, play a role in the severity of anxiety and depression in the studied group of patients with coronary artery disease. Material: The study involved 765 patients from 11 Polish cardiology centers. The presented material is part of the multicenter POLASPIRE II study. Methods: All patients completed The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, and a medical interview was conducted with them. Conclusions: Although the intensity of anxiety and depression in the studied group of patients was low, gender differentiated them, which, however, did not influence undertaking tertiary prevention activities. In the study group of patients, the number of comorbidities and cardiac incidents\/procedures after the event qualifying for the study, as well as preventive actions undertaken, were not associated with the severity of anxiety and depression. In the studied group of patients with coronary heart disease, there was still a large group of people who did not take preventive measures. Therefore, there is a need for systematic education regarding the benefits of implementing them to prevent the progression of the disease and premature death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13133812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T09:06:07Z","timestamp":1719824767000},"page":"3812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Do the Gender and the Number of Comorbidities and the Use of Tertiary Prevention Play a Role in the Severity of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease? A POLASPIRE II Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8257-6614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f3zefa","family":"D\u0105bek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zio\u0142owa Street 45-47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3616-8932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zbigniew","family":"G\u0105sior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zio\u0142owa Street 45-47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Styczkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Independent Public Provincial Hospital, Jana Paw\u0142a II 10, 43-170 Zamo\u015b\u0107, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldona","family":"Kubica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Health Promotion, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Sk\u0142odowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariusz A.","family":"Kosior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawi\u0144skiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Wolfshaut-Wolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Micha\u0142owskiego 12, 31-008 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7074-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Rajzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiology Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, 31-008 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8202-6658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Szynal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zio\u0142owa Street 45-47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9465-2581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Kami\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Medical University Bialystok, M. Sk\u0142odowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shadrina, M., Bondarenko, E.A., and Slominsky, P.A. (2018). Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease. Front. Psychiatry, 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00334"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Depressive Disorder (Depression) (2024, April 15). WHO Fact Sheets. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/depression."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"183","article-title":"Co-occurrence of depressive disorders and cardiovascular diseases\u2013selected aspects","volume":"20","author":"Zalewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Psychiatry Clin. 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