{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:47:22Z","timestamp":1782902842019,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine","award":["1211850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1211850"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine","award":["11181329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11181329"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is inevitable in various X-ray imaging examinations, with computed tomography (CT) being a major contributor to increased human radiation exposure. Ionizing radiation may cause structural damage to macromolecules, particularly DNA, mostly through an indirect pathway in diagnostic imaging. The indirect pathway primarily involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to water radiolysis induced by IR, leading to DNA damage, including double-strand breaks (DSB), which are highly cytotoxic. Antioxidants, substances that prevent oxidative damage, are proposed as potential radioprotective agents. This Study Protocol article presents the rationale for selecting vitamin C as a preventive measure against CT-associated IR-induced DNA damage, to be investigated in a randomized placebo-controlled trial, with a full in vivo design, using an oral easy-to-use schedule administration in the outpatient setting, for the single CT examination with the highest total global IR dose burden (contrast-enhanced abdomen and pelvis CT). The study also aims to explore the mediating role of oxidative stress, and it has been written in adherence to the Standard Protocol Items recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13133866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T09:06:07Z","timestamp":1719824767000},"page":"3866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Computed Tomography\u2014Effect of Vitamin C on Prevention of DNA Damage: PREVIR-C Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6835-6386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilo G.","family":"Sotomayor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"},{"name":"Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Moreno-Bertero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudina","family":"Opazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baltasar","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Sanhueza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5531-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Y\u00e9venes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-8547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"D\u00edaz-Jara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"de Grazia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5802-1301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia","family":"Manterola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham A. 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