{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:52:39Z","timestamp":1787730759568,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grant","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grant","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grant","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grant","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grant","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, NY","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, NY","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, NY","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, NY","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, NY","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation (NYC)","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation (NYC)","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation (NYC)","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation (NYC)","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation (NYC)","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1654019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1654019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-2150108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2150108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY 032559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY 032559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: To investigate macular vascular biomarkers for the detection of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: A total of 56 POAG patients and 94 non-glaucomatous controls underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) assessment of macular vessel density (VD) in the superficial (SCP), and deep (DCP) capillary plexus, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimeter, VD, choriocapillaris and outer retina flow area. POAG patients were classified for severity based on the Glaucoma Staging System 2 of Brusini. ANCOVA comparisons adjusted for age, sex, race, hypertension, diabetes, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for POAG\/control differentiation were compared using the DeLong method. Results: Global, hemispheric, and quadrant SCP VD was significantly lower in POAG patients in the whole image, parafovea, and perifovea (p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were found between POAG and controls for DCP VD, FAZ parameters, and the retinal and choriocapillaris flow area (p &gt; 0.05). SCP VD in the whole image and perifovea were significantly lower in POAG patients in stage 2 than stage 0 (p &lt; 0.001). The AUCs of SCP VD in the whole image (0.86) and perifovea (0.84) were significantly higher than the AUCs of all DCP VD (p &lt; 0.05), FAZ parameters (p &lt; 0.001), and retinal (p &lt; 0.001) and choriocapillaris flow areas (p &lt; 0.05). Whole image SCP VD was similar to the AUC of the global retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (AUC = 0.89, p = 0.53) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness (AUC = 0.83, p = 0.42). Conclusions: SCP VD is lower with increasing functional damage in POAG patients. The AUC for SCP VD was similar to RNFL and GCC using clinical diagnosis as the reference standard.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13144190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T08:39:12Z","timestamp":1721291952000},"page":"4190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Diagnostic Capability of OCTA-Derived Macular Biomarkers for Early to Moderate Primary Open Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Verticchio Vercellin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alon","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Oddone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Unit, IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0966-6311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmela","family":"Carnevale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Unit, IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent A.","family":"Siesky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Arciero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7114-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Fry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7798-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7129-2472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul A.","family":"Sidoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10003, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9897-4676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gal","family":"Antman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikwa 4941492, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Alabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5148-0214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet C.","family":"Coleman-Belin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis R.","family":"Pasquale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.08.069","article-title":"Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer, optic nerve head, and macular thickness measurements for glaucoma detection using optical coherence tomography","volume":"139","author":"Medeiros","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100841","article-title":"Ocular blood flow as a clinical observation: Value, limitations and data analysis","volume":"24","author":"Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e377","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14982","article-title":"Vascular biomarkers from optical coherence tomography angiography and glaucoma: Where do we stand in 2021?","volume":"100","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002403","article-title":"Optic Disc Microvasculature Dropout in Pre-perimetric Glaucoma","volume":"33","author":"Suh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.0906","article-title":"Rate of Initial Optic Nerve Head Capillary Density Loss and Risk of Visual Field Progression","volume":"142","author":"Tansuebchueasai","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"OCT451","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18944","article-title":"Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density in Healthy, Glaucoma Suspect, and Glaucoma Eyes","volume":"57","author":"Yarmohammadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02817-0","article-title":"Detection and agreement of event-based OCT and OCTA analysis for glaucoma progression","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.03.024","article-title":"Gradient-Boosting Classifiers Combining Vessel Density and Tissue Thickness Measurements for Classifying Early to Moderate Glaucoma","volume":"217","author":"Bowd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.11.008","article-title":"Deep Learning Image Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Measured Vessel Density Improves Classification of Healthy and Glaucoma Eyes","volume":"236","author":"Bowd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2022.08.014","article-title":"A Deep Learning Approach to Improve Retinal Structural Predictions and Aid Glaucoma Neuroprotective Clinical Trial Design","volume":"6","author":"Christopher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riina, N., Harris, A., Siesky, B., Pasquale, L.R., Tsai, J.C., Sekeh, S.Y., Wirostko, B., Arciero, J., Fry, B., and Eckert, G. (2024, January 5\u20139). Utilizing neural network models on optical coherence tomography angiography biomarkers to enhance diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma. Proceedings of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual Meeting 2024, Seattle, WA, USA.","DOI":"10.23880\/oajo-16000297"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002310","article-title":"Regional Vessel Density Reduction in the Macula and Optic Nerve Head of Patients with Pre-Perimetric Primary Open Angle Glaucoma","volume":"32","author":"Siesky","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.01.004","article-title":"Peripapillary and Macular Vessel Density in Patients with Glaucoma and Single-Hemifield Visual Field Defect","volume":"124","author":"Yarmohammadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.07.011","article-title":"Progressive Macula Vessel Density Loss in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Study","volume":"182","author":"Shoji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1563195","article-title":"Reduced Macular Vessel Density and Capillary Perfusion in Glaucoma Detected Using OCT Angiography","volume":"44","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.4973","article-title":"Association between Rate of Ganglion Cell Complex Thinning and Rate of Central Visual Field Loss","volume":"141","author":"Mahmoudinezhad","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2024.04.022","article-title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Optic Nerve Head and Macula OCT Parameters for Detecting Glaucoma in Eyes with and without High Axial Myopia","volume":"266","author":"Rezapour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320430","article-title":"Macula structural and vascular differences in glaucoma eyes with and without high axial myopia","volume":"107","author":"Rezapour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312085","article-title":"Relationship between macular vessel density and central visual field sensitivity at different glaucoma stages","volume":"103","author":"Shin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2023.02.002","article-title":"Relationship between the Macular Microvasculature and Central Visual Field Sensitivity in Patients with Advanced Glaucoma","volume":"6","author":"Hsia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2147\/EB.S226319","article-title":"Ganglion Cell Complex Analysis in Glaucoma Patients: What Can It Tell Us?","volume":"12","author":"Scuderi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye Brain"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.11.012","article-title":"Macula Vessel Density and Thickness in Early Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma","volume":"199","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-21846","article-title":"Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Superficial Microvasculature in the Macular and Peripapillary Areas in Glaucomatous and Healthy Eyes","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002069","article-title":"Peripapillary and Macular Vascular Density in Patients with Preperimetric and Early Primary Open Angle Glaucoma","volume":"31","author":"Oba","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002055","article-title":"The Association between Regional Macula Vessel Density and Central Visual Field Damage in Advanced Glaucoma Eyes","volume":"31","author":"Ghahari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.03.004","article-title":"Association of Macular and Circumpapillary Microvasculature with Visual Field Sensitivity in Advanced Glaucoma","volume":"204","author":"Ghahari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e276","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001860","article-title":"Superficial and Deep Macula Vessel Density in Healthy, Glaucoma Suspect, and Glaucoma Eyes","volume":"30","author":"Manalastas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320663","article-title":"Correlation of ganglion cell complex thinning with baseline deep and superficial macular vessel density in glaucoma","volume":"107","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"(2019). RTVue XR Avanti User Manual, Optovue, Inc."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000800","article-title":"Glaucoma Diagnostic Capabilities of Foveal Avascular Zone Parameters Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography According to Visual Field Defect Location","volume":"26","author":"Kwon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zivkovic, M., Dayanir, V., Kocaturk, T., Zlatanovic, M., Zlatanovic, G., Jaksic, V., Radenkovic, M., Jovanovic, P., Sefic Kasumovic, S., and Golubovic, M. (2017). Foveal Avascular Zone in Normal Tension Glaucoma Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Biomed. Res. Int., 2017.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3079141"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.1.22","article-title":"The Macular Choriocapillaris Flow in Glaucoma and Within-Day Fluctuations: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study","volume":"62","author":"Milani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishida, T., Moghimi, S., Walker, E., Gunasegaran, G., Wu, J.H., Kamalipour, A., Mahmoudinezhad, G., Zangwill, L.M., and Weinreb, R.N. (2023). Association of foveal avascular zone change and glaucoma progression. Br. J. Ophthalmol., bjo-2023-323970.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-323970"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000195932.48288.97","article-title":"Enhanced Glaucoma Staging System (GSS 2) for classifying functional damage in glaucoma","volume":"15","author":"Brusini","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-322470","article-title":"Evaluation of the long-term variability of macular OCT\/OCTA and visual field parameters","volume":"108","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1676912","article-title":"Quantitative Analysis of Microvasculature in Macular and Peripapillary Regions in Early Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma","volume":"45","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001447","article-title":"Diagnostic Ability of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Macula Vessel Density for the Diagnosis of Glaucoma Using Difference Scan Sizes","volume":"29","author":"Penteado","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-318065","article-title":"Association of foveal avascular zone area with structural and functional progression in glaucoma patients","volume":"106","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2023.09.003","article-title":"Racial Differences in the Diagnostic Accuracy of OCT Angiography Macular Vessel Density for Glaucoma","volume":"7","author":"Gunasegaran","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siesky, B., Harris, A., Verticchio Vercellin, A., Arciero, J., Fry, B., Eckert, G., Guidoboni, G., Oddone, F., and Antman, G. (2023). Heterogeneity of Ocular Hemodynamic Biomarkers among Open Angle Glaucoma Patients of African and European Descent. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041287"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2021.102624","article-title":"Normative data assessment of age-related changes in macular and optic nerve head vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"37","author":"Abay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chua, J., Sim, R., Tan, B., Wong, D., Yao, X., Liu, X., Ting, D.S.W., Schmidl, D., Ang, M., and Garh\u00f6fer, G. (2020). Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061723"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9580","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66736-w","article-title":"Systemic hypertension associated retinal microvascular changes can be detected with optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-321460","article-title":"Association of macular OCT and OCTA parameters with visual acuity in glaucoma","volume":"107","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364100903010059","article-title":"Staging glaucoma patient: Why and how?","volume":"3","author":"Susanna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol. J."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Hodapp, E., Parrish, R.K., and Anderson, D.R. (1993). Clinical Decisions in Glaucoma, The CV Mosby Co."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brusini, P. (2021). Global Glaucoma Staging System (GGSS): A New Method to Simultaneously Assess the Severity of Both Functional and Structural Damage in Glaucoma. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194414"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/14\/4190\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:18:45Z","timestamp":1760109525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/14\/4190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm13144190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13144190","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]}}}