{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T19:14:10Z","timestamp":1791659650198,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The objective of this study was to prospectively assess the extent to which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can differentiate malignant from benign lesions of the testis. Materials and Methods: All included patients underwent multiparametric testicular MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and subtraction dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Subsequently, all patients underwent a histopathological examination via orchiectomy or testicular biopsy\/partial resection. The Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test, t-test, Mann\u2013Whitney U test, Fisher\u2019s exact test, and logistic regression were applied for statistical analysis. Results: We included 48 male patients (median age 37.5 years [range 18\u201369]) with testicular tumors. The median tumor size on MRI was 2.0 cm for malignant tumors and 1.1 cm for benign tumors (p &lt; 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed for the type (type 0-III curve, p &lt; 0.05) and pattern of enhancement (homogeneous, heterogeneous, or rim-like, p &lt; 0.01) between malignant and benign tumors. The minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was 0.9 for benign tumors and 0.7 for malignant tumors (each \u00d7103 mm2\/s, p &lt; 0.05), while the mean ADC was 0.05. The mean ADC value was significantly lower for malignant tumors; the mean ADC value was 1.1 for benign tumors and 0.9 for malignant tumors (each \u00d7103 mm2\/s, p &lt; 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of multiparametric MRI for differentiating malignant from benign testicular lesions were 94.3%, 76.9%, 91.7%, and 83.3%, respectively. The surgical procedures performed included orchiectomy (n = 33; 71.7%) and partial testicular resection (n = 11; 23.9%). Histopathology (HP) revealed malignancy in 35 patients (72.9%), including 26 with seminomas and 9 with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). The HP was benign in 13 (27.1%) patients, including 5 with Leydig cell tumors. Conclusions: Malignant and benign tumors differ in MRI characteristics in terms of the type and pattern of enhancement and the extent of diffusion restriction, indicating that MRI can be an important imaging modality for the accurate diagnosis of testicular lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13154390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T09:50:05Z","timestamp":1722246605000},"page":"4390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Discriminating Malignant from Benign Testicular Masses Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging\u2014A Prospective Single-Center Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0661-388X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"T\u00f6rzs\u00f6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3541-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"Deininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Abenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Oswald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5284-7276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Lusuardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Deininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemarie","family":"Forstner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Meissnitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herwig","family":"Brandtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2405-2350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bylund, K.C. 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