{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T18:37:27Z","timestamp":1785868647876,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005888","name":"Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005888","name":"Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005888","name":"APC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005888","name":"APC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/1-136-01\/503-11-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Untreated hepatic abscesses (HAs) have an 80% mortality rate and can be caused by bacteria and fungi. Previously managed with surgery, current treatments now utilize interventional radiology and antibiotics, reducing complications to 2.5%. This study evaluates contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for better drainage placement and monitoring, overcoming conventional ultrasound\u2019s limitations in detecting the HA liquefied portion. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 50 patients with HAs confirmed via computed tomography (CT) scans. Inclusion criteria comprised specific clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters. Both B-mode and CEUS were utilized for initial and follow-up imaging. Results: In the CEUS studies, the mean size of HAs was 6.26 cm, with pus displaying significantly lower echogenicity compared to the HA pouch and liver parenchyma in all phases. Classification by size (&gt;6 cm, &lt;6 cm) and volume (&gt;113 mL, &lt;113 mL) revealed differences in the assessment of fluid volume between CEUS and B-mode. Conclusions: CEUS is valuable for diagnosing, performing therapeutic procedures, and monitoring HA. It provides precise real-time assessment of HA morphology, including dimensions and volume. If the liquefied volume of an HA exceeds 113 mL, it may qualify for drainage placement. CEUS can replace CT as an effective, less harmful, and cheaper method, eliminating the need for multiple radiological departments. While CEUS is a safer, cost-effective alternative to CT for HA evaluation and monitoring, comprehensive clinical evaluation remains essential. Therefore, CEUS should be part of a broader diagnostic and monitoring strategy, not a stand-alone solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13175046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T03:32:01Z","timestamp":1724643121000},"page":"5046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Optimizing Hepatic Abscess Treatment and Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9675-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Dobek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Kobierecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital Research Institite, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Kosztowny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliwia","family":"Grz\u0105siak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6997-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Fabisiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Falenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludomir","family":"Stefa\u0144czyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Does Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound improve the management of liver abscesses? 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