{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T16:30:20Z","timestamp":1771864220077,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. The health consequences of adolescent obesity are understudied in young adult Israeli Arabs. We aimed to evaluate the association of weight categories during adolescence with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), and the composite endpoint of ischemic stroke (IS), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF) in young adult Israeli Arabs on a nationwide level. Methods. A retrospective cohort study of 53,726 Arab adolescents born from 1988\u20131992 was conducted. The cohort was followed, beginning with BMI measurements at ages 17\u201319 years, until whichever came first among the diagnosis of outcome disease, death, discontinuation of health insurance, or age of 30 years. Results. The incidence (95% CI) of HTN, DM2, and the composite endpoint of IS, MI, and HF was 138.2 (129.1\u2013147.9), 136.7 (127.6\u2013146.3), and 27.3 (23.3\u201331.7) cases per 105 person-years, respectively. The risk for DM and HTN increased gradually, starting from the \u2018overweight\u2019 category, and reaching fully adjusted HRs (95% CI) of 2.80 (1.82\u20134.30), and 1.97 (1.31\u20132.96), respectively, in the \u2018class 3 obesity\u2019 category. The Hazard ratio (HR) for the composite endpoint, its incidence and components, was highest in the \u2018overweight\u2019 category (aHR of 1.64 (1.08\u20132.50)). Conclusions. The findings emphasize the long-term health consequences of adolescent obesity in early adulthood and, hence, the need for interventions aimed at reducing the rate of adolescent overweight and obesity. The finding of a very high rate of DM2 incidence in early adulthood, even among adolescents without obesity, necessitates an integrated public health approach to all risk factors to prevent DM2 in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13185382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T07:59:46Z","timestamp":1726041586000},"page":"5382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Association of Weight Categories in Adolescence with Cardiovascular Morbidity in Young Adult Israeli Arabs\u2014A Nationwide Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yulia","family":"Treister-Goltzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Siaal Research Center for Family Practice and Primary Care, The Haim Doron Division of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"},{"name":"Clalit Health Services, P.O. Box 16250, Tel Aviv 62098, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Nemet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health and Sports Center, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1961-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idan","family":"Menashe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-018-0213-z","article-title":"Severe obesity and cardio-metabolic comorbidities: A nationwide study of 2.8 million adolescents","volume":"43","author":"Twig","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. 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