{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:03:52Z","timestamp":1779257032675,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To evaluate the role of ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography) and EUS (endoscopic ultrasound) and to describe the efficacy and safety of these procedures in a paediatric cohort with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP). Methods: All patients (&lt;18 years) undergoing an ERCP or EUS for ARP and CP between January 2008 and December 2022 were included. Data collection included indications for the procedure, technical success, adverse events and outcome data. Results: A total of 222 ERCPs were performed in 98 patients with CP and ARP (60% female, median age 10 years). The commonest indications were a main pancreatic duct stricture (PD) with or without a stone within the main PD. Successful cannulation was achieved in 98% of cases. Improved stricture resolution was demonstrated in 63% of patients. The overall adverse event rate for ERCP was low (n = 8\/222, 3.6%). An improvement in abdominal pain was demonstrated in (75\/98) 76% of patients. Their Body Mass Index also significantly improved post ERCP (15.5 \u00b1 1.41 vs. 12.9 \u00b1 1.16 kg\/m2, p = 0.001). A total of 54 EUS procedures were undertaken in 48 individuals. Moreover, 35 individuals underwent a therapeutic EUS procedure, for which the commonest indication was the drainage of a pancreatic fluid collection. The overall complication rate was low (n = 2.4%) in all EUS cases. Conclusions: ERCP and EUS can be safely and effectively used in a paediatric population with indications analogous to an adult cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13185523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T09:49:19Z","timestamp":1726652959000},"page":"5523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography and Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Management of Paediatric Acute Recurrent Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9547-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Joshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taimur","family":"Shafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Usama","family":"Al-Farsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Nizwa Hospital, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7477-4541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret G.","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0174-4787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tassos","family":"Grammatikopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and Mowat Labs, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rania","family":"Kronfli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9SR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Makin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9SR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9SR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthetics, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9SR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Pool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthetics, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9SR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Reffitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003590","article-title":"Analysis of INSPPIRE-2 Cohort: Risk Factors and Disease Burden in Children With Acute Recurrent or Chronic Pancreatitis","volume":"75","author":"Uc","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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