{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T01:11:20Z","timestamp":1775869880098,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Bone hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors, comprising less than 1% of all bone tumors. They are predominantly found in the vertebral body or skull; rib hemangiomas are particularly rare and are often misdiagnosed as malignant tumors. Given the high malignancy rate of primary rib tumors, understanding rib hemangiomas is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA standards. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and clinical presentation were analyzed using STATA\/SE 17. Results: From 306 articles, 40 studies including 43 patients met the inclusion criteria. Rib hemangiomas showed a bimodal age distribution, with peaks in patients younger than 30 years (mean age 21.43 \u00b1 5.60 years) and \u226530 years (mean age 59.96 \u00b1 9.70 years). Females were more affected (62.79%) than males (37.21%), with a ratio of 1.69:1. The tumors were most frequently located in mid-thoracic ribs (4\u20138) and predominantly on the left side of the thorax. The mean tumor size was 7.27 cm, with 76.19% exhibiting osteolytic changes. Clinically, 63.41% of cases were asymptomatic, while symptomatic cases mainly presented with pain. Conclusions: Rib hemangiomas, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of thoracic tumors. They present as well-demarcated lytic lesions with distinct imaging features, and they typically require complete surgical excision, which may be aided with preoperative embolization. Their accurate diagnosis involves a combination of radiologic and clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the disease\u2019s pathophysiology and to refine diagnostic and treatment protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13185586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T07:38:57Z","timestamp":1726817937000},"page":"5586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rib Hemangiomas: Intriguing Findings from a Systematic Review of Rare Thoracic Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0490-7323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London W12 0TS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5921-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Magloire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4799-6557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deep","family":"Vakil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himani","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1712-6107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor","family":"Kassira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Joe DiMaggio Children\u2019s Hospital, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Levene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Joe DiMaggio Children\u2019s Hospital, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Neville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Joe DiMaggio Children\u2019s Hospital, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2058460117728416","article-title":"Hemangioma of the rib showing a relatively high 18F-FDG uptake: A case report with a literature review","volume":"6","author":"Itabashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Radiol. 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