{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T05:07:58Z","timestamp":1773896878941,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200015"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["MFVMA\/8\/15-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MFVMA\/8\/15-17"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200015"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia","award":["MFVMA\/8\/15-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MFVMA\/8\/15-17"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Numerous risk factors associated with development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been unfavorably altered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and vitamin D deficiency are potential cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with CKD. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary intake and status of omega-3 PUFA and vitamin D in pre-dialysis and hemodialysis patients and to examine the association of dietary \u03b1-linolenic acid (ALA) and fish consumption with blood pressure and carotid intima\u2013media thickness (C-IMT), representing a non-invasive marker of atherosclerosis in CKD patients. Methods: All 77 selected patients (36 pre-dialysis, 41 on hemodialysis) underwent standardized clinical, nutritional, and laboratory assessments. Repeated 24 h recalls were performed to assess dietary intake. The fatty acid profile was determined by gas\u2013liquid chromatography. Results: Inadequate vitamin D intake and vitamin D status were found in 95% of patients. PUFA profiles did not differ between hemodialysis and pre-dialysis participants. Dietary intake of ALA was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.013), C-IMT (p = 0.002), serum CRP (p = 0.044), iPTH (p = 0.01), and 25(OH)D3 (p = 0.006). ALA intake of more than 0.23 g daily was linked with lower SBP (p = 0.001), serum 25(OH)D3 (p = 0.004), and C-IMT (p = 0.002). Conclusions: This study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between dietary ALA intake and C-IMT in CKD. The results of this study could emphasize the significant role of the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and inadequate omega-3 PUFA intake and status regarding CVD health in CKD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13185593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T08:54:13Z","timestamp":1727168053000},"page":"5593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dietary Omega-3 PUFA Intake in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: The Association with Vitamin D Deficiency, Intima\u2013Media Thickness and Blood Pressure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7041-4220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danijela","family":"Ristic-Medic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Group for Nutritional Biochemistry and Dietology, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8449-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Takic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-5253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biljana","family":"Pokimica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group for Nutritional Biochemistry and Dietology, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brankica","family":"Terzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Nephrology, Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defense, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milica","family":"Kojadinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group for Nutritional Biochemistry and Dietology, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toplica","family":"Lepic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defense, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slavica","family":"Radjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene, Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defense, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8563-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vesna","family":"Vucic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group for Nutritional Biochemistry and Dietology, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050686","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease pathophysiological insights and therapeutic options","volume":"143","author":"Jankowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000102971.85504.7c","article-title":"Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: A statement from the American Heart Association Councils on kidney in cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure research, clinical cardiology, and epidemiology and prevention","volume":"42","author":"Sarnak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac199","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease as cardiovascular risk factor in routine clinical practice: A position statement by the Council of the European Renal Association","volume":"16","author":"Ortiz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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