{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:18:59Z","timestamp":1789989539760,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common condition that may have negative effects on social life, couples\u2019 relationships and professional activities. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and characteristics of dysmenorrhea and its impact on patients\u2019 quality of life using a specific self-questionnaire named \u201cDysmenQoL questionnaire\u201d. We also checked the validity and reliability of this questionnaire in our population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 504 participants of reproductive age between 18 and 45 years of age. The data were collected with an original form divided into three sections. The last section (DysmenQoL questionnaire) included 20 statements scored from 1 (\u201cnever\u201d) to 5 (\u201cevery time\u201d) that evaluates the effects of menstrual pain on health and feelings, daily activities, relationships and professional activity. We calculated the sum of the scores for each statement and we called it the \u201cDysmenQoL score\u201d. Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 83.7%. The presence of dysmenorrhea was statistically significant associated with the degree of menstrual bleeding (p = 0.017), the presence of infertility (p = 0.034) and dyspareunia (p = 0.002), but also with the presence of premenstrual syndrome and a family history of dysmenorrhea (p &lt; 0.001). Among the participants with dysmenorrhea, 73.9% considered that this symptom affected their quality of life, and this was correlated with pain intensity and the DysmenQoL score (p &lt; 0.001). A significant difference regarding the DysmenQoL score depending on the pain intensity, frequency and duration of dysmenorrhea and the methods used to reduce the pain was observed. Conclusions: Dysmenorrhea had a high prevalence among the participants included in the study, and its presence was associated with a series of risk factors. Most women considered that dysmenorrhea affected their quality of life. The DysmenQoL questionnaire proved to be a reliable and valid method for evaluating the impact of dysmenorrhea on quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13195660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T08:56:06Z","timestamp":1727168166000},"page":"5660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Dysmenorrhea and Its Impact on Patients\u2019 Quality of Life\u2014A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9665-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Amza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department PhD, IOSUD, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cBucur\u201d Maternity, Saint John Hospital, 012361 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2921-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Findeklee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424 Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashar","family":"Haj Hamoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424 Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9541-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romina-Marina","family":"Sima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cBucur\u201d Maternity, Saint John Hospital, 012361 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea-Octavian","family":"Poenaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cBucur\u201d Maternity, Saint John Hospital, 012361 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2947-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Ple\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cBucur\u201d Maternity, Saint John Hospital, 012361 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxt009","article-title":"The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea","volume":"36","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epidemiologic Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghandour, R., Hammoudeh, W., Stigum, H., Giacaman, R., Fjeld, H., and Holmboe-Ottesen, G. (2024). The hidden burden of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in Palestine refugee camps: A focus on well-being and academic performance. BMC Public Health, 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18219-0"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.37107\/jhas.182","article-title":"Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and its Associated Factors among Adolescent Girls Studying in Technical Schools of Dang, Nepal","volume":"10","author":"Baidhya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Health Allied Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5834159","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5834159","article-title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Dysmenorrhea, Its Effect, and Coping Mechanisms among Adolescents in Shai Osudoku District, Ghana","volume":"2019","author":"Acheampong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Int."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1712131","article-title":"Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment","volume":"42","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004096","article-title":"Primary Dysmenorrhea: Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":"136","author":"Corey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3591","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S430233","article-title":"Insight into Dysmenorrhea Research from 1992 to 2022: A Bibliometric Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karout, S., Soubra, L., Rahme, D., Karout, L., Khojah, H.M.J., and Itani, R. (2021). Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females. BMC Women\u2019s Health, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01532-w"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sima, R.-M., Sulea, M., Radosa, J.C., Findeklee, S., Hamoud, B.H., Popescu, M., Gorecki, G.P., Bobirc\u0103, A., Bobirca, F., and Cirstoveanu, C. (2022). The Prevalence, Management and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Medical Students\u2019 Lives\u2014A Multicenter Study. Healthcare, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10010157"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oboza, P., Ogarek, N., W\u00f3jtowicz, M., Rhaiem, T.B., Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, M., and Koce\u0142ak, P. (2024). Relationships between Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Diet Composition, Dietary Patterns and Eating Behaviors. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121911"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.09.002","article-title":"The prevalence and risk factors of menstrual pain of married women in Anhui Province, China","volume":"229","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai, Y., Luo, H., Zhu, L., Yang, W., Xiang, H., Shi, Q., and Jin, P. (2024). Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis. BMC Public Health, 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17825-2"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12287","article-title":"Reduced quality of life when experiencing menstrual pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"93","author":"Iacovides","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mesele, T.T., Ayalew, H.G., Syoum, A.T., and Antehneh, T.A. (2022). Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Academic Performance Among Haramaya University Undergraduate Regular Students, Eastern Ethiopia. Front. Reprod. Health, 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2022.939035"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belayneh, W., Kassaye, Z., Arusi, T., Abera, N., Hantalo, A., Melkamu, B., and Gutulo, M. (2023). Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated factors and its effect on daily academic activities among female undergraduate students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Front. Reprod. Health, 5.","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1244540"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martire, F.G., Piccione, E., Exacoustos, C., and Zupi, E. (2023). Endometriosis and Adolescence: The Impact of Dysmenorrhea. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175624"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv039","article-title":"What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: A critical review","volume":"21","author":"Iacovides","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, H.W., Ang, L., Lee, M.S., Alimoradi, Z., and Kim, E. (2020). Fennel for Reducing Pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113438"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3390\/youth4010024","article-title":"Menstruation-Related Symptoms and Associated Factors among Female University Students in Vietnam","volume":"4","author":"Matsuura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Youth"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2017.01.014","article-title":"Effect of yoga on the menstrual pain, physical fitness, and quality of life of young women with primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"21","author":"Yonglitthipagon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bodyw. Mov. Ther."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"e49146","article-title":"The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature","volume":"15","author":"Attia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vlachou, E., Owens, D.A., Lavdaniti, M., Kalemikerakis, J., Evagelou, E., Margari, N., Fasoi, G., Evangelidou, E., Govina, O., and Tsartsalis, A.N. (2019). Prevalence, Wellbeing, and Symptoms of Dysmenorrhea among University Nursing Students in Greece. Diseases, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases7010005"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2015.0711201472","article-title":"Primary dysmenorrhea and its effect on quality of life in young girls","volume":"4","author":"Joshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu Helwa, H.A., Mitaeb, A.A., Al-Hamshri, S., and Sweileh, W.M. (2018). Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and predictors of its pain intensity among Palestinian female university students. BMC Women\u2019s Health, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0516-1"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"17455057221079443","article-title":"Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated factors among students in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Molla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3208276","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3208276","article-title":"Prevalence, Impact, and Management Practice of Dysmenorrhea among University of Gondar Students, Northwestern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"2017","author":"Gebeyehu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"512","article-title":"Primary Dysmenorrhea in Adolescents: Prevalence, Impact and Recent Knowledge","volume":"13","author":"Soliman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr. Endocrinol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"35","article-title":"Risk factors for primary dysmenorrhea and the effect of complementary and alternative treat-ment methods: Sample from Corum, Turkey","volume":"16","author":"Duman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Health Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2014.10.004","article-title":"Prevalence and Factors Affecting Dysmenorrhea in Female University Students: Effect on General Comfort Level","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain Manag. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"17455057231189549","article-title":"Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated risk factors among university students in Zimbabwe","volume":"19","author":"Nyirenda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.05.010","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of dysmenorrhea among students at a university in Turkey","volume":"107","author":"Ozerdogan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2019.09.004","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Primary Dysmenorrhea among Chinese Female University Students: A Cross-sectional Study","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Adolesc. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2010.01362.x","article-title":"The prevalence of menstrual pain and associated risk factors among Iranian women","volume":"37","author":"Tavallaee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38748.697465.55","article-title":"Factors predisposing women to chronic pelvic pain: Systematic review","volume":"332","author":"Latthe","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab273","article-title":"Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and Determinants of Pain Intensity Among University-Age Women","volume":"22","author":"Ullah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S112768","article-title":"Primary dysmenorrhea magnitude, associated risk factors, and its effect on academic performance: Evidence from female university students in Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"Hailemeskel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2020.06.007","article-title":"The Prevalence and Educational Impact of Pelvic and Menstrual Pain in Australia: A National Online Survey of 4202 Young Women Aged 13\u201325 Years","volume":"33","author":"Armour","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Adolesc. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.02.048","article-title":"The impact of menstrual symptoms on everyday life: A survey among 42,879 women","volume":"220","author":"Schoep","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"83","article-title":"The Effect of Dysmenorrhea on Quality of Life of Technical Secondary Schools Girls","volume":"81","author":"Mohamed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. J. Cairo Univ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2020.3.24988","article-title":"Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and its effect on the quality of life amongst female medical students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study","volume":"41","author":"Hashim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-018-0540-5","article-title":"Health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescent girls with Dysmenorrhoea","volume":"15","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mizuta, R., Maeda, N., Tashiro, T., Suzuki, Y., Oda, S., Komiya, M., and Urabe, Y. (2023). Quality of life by dysmenorrhea severity in young and adult Japanese females: A web-based cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 18.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283130"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1159\/000363743","article-title":"Review of Frequency of Dysmenorrhea and Some Associated Factors and Evaluation of the Relationship between Dysmenorrhea and Sleep Quality in University Students","volume":"78","author":"Sahin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Investig."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.06.011","article-title":"Sleep pattern in women with menstrual pain","volume":"12","author":"Araujo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00938.x","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the ICIQ Vaginal Symptoms Questionnaire: The ICIQ-VS","volume":"113","author":"Price","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-017-3541-y","article-title":"Translation and validation of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Vaginal Symptoms (ICIQ-VS): The Danish version","volume":"30","author":"Arenholt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-03951-8","article-title":"Validation of the Turkish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-vaginal symptoms (ICIQ-VS)","volume":"30","author":"Astepe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-017-3294-7","article-title":"Validation of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire\u2013Vaginal Symptoms (ICIQ-VS) in two south- Asian languages","volume":"28","author":"Ekanayake","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-004-1225-x","article-title":"P-QOL: A validated questionnaire to assess the symptoms and quality of life of women with urogenital prolapse","volume":"16","author":"Digesu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-S\u00e1nchez, B., Yuste-S\u00e1nchez, M.J., Arranz-Mart\u00edn, B., Navarro-Braz\u00e1lez, B., Romay-Barrero, H., and Torres-Lacomba, M. (2020). Quality of Life in POP: Validity, Reliability and Responsiveness of the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QoL) in Spanish Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051690"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-019-1079-z","article-title":"Translation, transcultural adaptation, reliability and validation of the pelvic organ prolapse quality of life (P-QoL) in Amharic","volume":"17","author":"Belayneh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-25","article-title":"The sexual quality of life-female (SQOL-F) questionnaire: Translation and psychometric properties of the Iranian version","volume":"10","author":"Maasoumi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sim-Sim, M., Aaberg, V., G\u00f3mez-Cantarino, S., Dias, H., Caldeira, E., Soto-Fernandez, I., and Gradellini, C. (2022). Sexual Quality of Life-Female (SQoL-F): Cultural Adaptation and Validation of European Portuguese Version. Healthcare, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10020255"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/00926230591006502","article-title":"Development of a Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life in Women","volume":"31","author":"Symonds","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Sex Marital. Ther."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der171","article-title":"The fertility quality of life (FertiQoL) tool: Development and general psychometric properties","volume":"26","author":"Boivin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-023-02125-x","article-title":"A review of the psychometric properties and implications for the use of the fertility quality of life tool","volume":"21","author":"Woods","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1590\/s1679-45082017ao3910","article-title":"Translation and cultural adaptation of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy\u2014Cervical Dysplasia (FACIT-CD) to evaluate quality of life in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"15","author":"Fregnani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Einstein"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fregnani, C.M.S., Fregnani, J.H.T.G., and Longatto-Filho, A. (2017). Methodological study to evaluate the psychometric properties of FACIT-CD in a sample of Brazilian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. BMC Cancer, 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3676-8"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-2037-z","article-title":"The PISQ-IR: Considerations in scale scoring and development","volume":"24","author":"Rockwood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-017-3373-9","article-title":"Validation of a single summary score for the Prolapse\/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire\u2013IUGA revised (PISQ-IR)","volume":"28","author":"Constantine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-024-05765-9","article-title":"A Comprehensive Evaluation of Sexual Life in Women After Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy using PISQ-IR","volume":"35","author":"Rusavy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e052664","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052664","article-title":"Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life questionnaire (UFS-QOL NL) in the Dutch population: A validation study","volume":"11","author":"Keizer","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1248382","article-title":"Validation of the 4 week recall version of the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Health-related Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) Questionnaire","volume":"33","author":"Coyne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e3181ef975a","article-title":"The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire: Psychometric evaluation among breast cancer survivors","volume":"18","author":"Radtke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000784","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Menopause-Specific Quality-of-Life questionnaire","volume":"24","author":"Nie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Menopause"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/19\/5660\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1760112069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/13\/19\/5660"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm13195660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13195660","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]}}}