{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T18:06:41Z","timestamp":1774634801947,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic cough in children is a common and multifaceted symptom, often requiring a comprehensive approach for accurate diagnosis and effective management. This review explores the use of spirometry, radiology (chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans), and flexible bronchoscopy in the assessment of chronic cough in children through current guidelines and studies. The strengths, clinical indications, and limitations of each modality are examined. Spirometry, radiology, and in some cases flexible bronchoscopy are integral to the assessment of chronic cough in children; however, a tailored approach, leveraging the strengths of each modality and guided by clinical indications, enhances diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes of pediatric chronic cough.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13195720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T08:20:52Z","timestamp":1727338852000},"page":"5720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Role of Spirometry, Radiology, and Flexible Bronchoscopy in Assessing Chronic Cough in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2942-9380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wicharn","family":"Boonjindasup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul J.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, South Brisbane 4101, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9078-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret S.","family":"McElrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, South Brisbane 4101, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.1_suppl.260S","article-title":"Guidelines for Evaluating Chronic Cough in Pediatrics: ACCP Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"129","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.01.042","article-title":"Managing chronic cough as a symptom in children and management algorithms: CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"158","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03504.x","article-title":"CICADA: Cough in Children and Adults: Diagnosis and Assessment. 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