{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:29:57Z","timestamp":1782188997479,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ferring Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Poor outcomes following IVF treatments are speculated to be due to the transfer of aneuploid embryos that cannot be identified based on morphological evaluation alone. This leads to patients requiring numerous embryo transfers and, consequently, a prolonged time interval before live birth. Embryo selection following preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) with next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been suggested as an intervention to shorten time to pregnancy in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Past studies assessing the clinical efficacy of PGT-A in improving clinical outcomes have been conflicting and the associated clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates following the transfer of a mosaic embryos have yet to be determined. None of the existing studies solely included women of advanced reproductive age (ARA). The pilot study and proposed RCT will determine if, compared to morphological evaluation alone, the use of PGT-A through NGS is a more clinically effective, safer, and more cost-effective way to provide IVF treatment in women of advanced reproductive age. Method and Analysis: The proposed pilot study will aim to randomise 100 patients within a single-centre study to evaluate recruitment, randomisation, and adherence to study protocol and allocated trail arms by participating patients. The results of the pilot study will enable us to determine the sample size for a larger study to establish the effectiveness of PGT-A in ARA women. Ethics and Dissemination: The study (Integrated Research Application System Number 236067) received approval from the Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales (HCRW) and the East Midlands\u2014Leicester South Research Ethics Committee (20\/EM\/0290). The results will be made available to patients, the funders, the Reproductive Medicine societies, and other researchers. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05009745, n.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T09:14:03Z","timestamp":1729156443000},"page":"6192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT-A) in In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) Treatment: Study Protocol for Pilot Phase of a Randomised Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5058-5041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Beebeejaun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s Fertility, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King\u2019s College Hospital, London SE5 8BB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kypros H.","family":"Nicolaides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King\u2019s College Hospital, London SE5 8BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Mania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s Fertility, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King\u2019s College Hospital, London SE5 8BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8912-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ippokratis","family":"Sarris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s Fertility, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King\u2019s College Hospital, London SE5 8BB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sesh K.","family":"Sunkara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s Fertility, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King\u2019s College Hospital, London SE5 8BB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01133388","article-title":"A formula for scoring human embryo growth rates in in vitro fertilization: Its value in predicting pregnancy and in comparison with visual estimates of embryo quality","volume":"3","author":"Cummins","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. 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