{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:39:53Z","timestamp":1784957993383,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The involvement of the aortic arch in thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA), or acute aortic dissections (AAD), represents a challenging clinical entity, mandating a meticulous surgical plan, tailored to each individual case. The advent of endovascular techniques and the introduction of modern arch protheses have led to the implementation of the frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique. This one-step hybrid operation consists of a total aortic arch replacement combined with an antegrade delivery of a stent\u2013graft for the descending aorta, which acts as a proximal landing zone facilitating a potential distal endovascular reintervention. In this manner, this technique addresses acute and chronic arch disease with an acceptable morbidity and mortality. Several FET prosthetic devices are available on the global market and have exhibited favourable outcomes, although with some disadvantages in complex cases; similarly, the hybrid procedure described in this review has also been associated with complications, such as coagulopathy and neurological and graft-related events. The purpose of this review is to thus provide key insights into successful hybrid aortic arch replacements and to discuss useful tips and relevant considerations regarding its use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T12:07:32Z","timestamp":1732277252000},"page":"7075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hybrid Aortic Arch Replacement with Frozen Elephant Trunk (FET) Technique: Surgical Considerations, Pearls, and Pitfalls"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7633-9949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimos","family":"Karangelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace University General Hospital, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6274-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora M.","family":"Stougiannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace University General Hospital, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-9212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos C.","family":"Christodoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Bartolozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace University General Hospital, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eleni","family":"Malafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace University General Hospital, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fotios","family":"Mitropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Mitera Hospital, 15123 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Mikroulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace University General Hospital, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Bena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, CINRE Hospital, 84103 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2021.02.029","article-title":"Incidence and Prevalence of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies","volume":"34","author":"Gouveia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. 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