{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:24:28Z","timestamp":1791991468753,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University Fan Daiming Research Funds for Holistic Integrative Medicine","award":["2020-3HIM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-3HIM"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a prevalent proctological condition that has puzzled people since ancient times, and the most common symptom is painless bleeding. Traditional treatments include conservative treatment, nonsurgical office-based treatments, and surgery. Sclerotherapy is one of the oldest forms of nonoperative intervention and is widely used to treat internal hemorrhoids with the development of endoscopy technology. However, sclerotherapy is always accompanied by complications such as bleeding, pain, abscess, etc., when the sclerosant is injected into the wrong site. Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy (CAES), a new minimally invasive technology, was first time coined in 2015 for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. The left-posterior\u2013right-anterior (LPRA) anus positioning method under endoscopy provides reliable methodological support for advancing hemorrhoidal treatment via endoscopy. The current trend is that treatment for HD has shifted from being performed predominantly by the Department of Proctology Surgery to being managed mostly by the Department of Gastroenterology. This review reviewed the shifting paradigms of sclerotherapy for HD and discussed the emerging development of CAES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T11:48:56Z","timestamp":1733226536000},"page":"7284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Shifting Paradigms in Hemorrhoid Management: The Emergence and Impact of Cap-Assisted Endoscopic Sclerotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xianglu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5952-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bota","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4157-1144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90828-O","article-title":"The Prevalence of Hemorrhoids and Chronic Constipation An Epidemiologic Study","volume":"98","author":"Johanson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S407021","article-title":"Prevention and Treatment of Anastomotic Strictures After Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids","volume":"16","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Risk Manag. 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