{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:50:19Z","timestamp":1790884219653,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI22C1463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI22C1463"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI23C1297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI23C1297"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"4P Lab, Co., Ltd.","award":["HI22C1463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI22C1463"]}]},{"name":"4P Lab, Co., Ltd.","award":["HI23C1297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI23C1297"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected both supply and demand for blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate the prescription patterns of blood products and identify the risk factors for blood transfusion in patients with severe COVID-19. Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was performed in the Republic of Korea between January 2021 and December 2021. Adult patients (\u226519 years) with severe COVID-19 who received oxygen therapy were examined. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service database. Results: During the study period, 41,203 patients developed severe COVID-19. The overall transfusion rate was 7.11%, with 14,477 units of packed red blood cells, 4501 units of fresh frozen plasma, 20,532 units of platelet concentrates, and 1875 units of cryoprecipitate. Blood transfusion was independently associated with 90-day mortality (hazard ratio: 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.21\u20131.53, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified underlying chronic kidney disease; exposure to surgery, thrombolysis, or thrombectomy; renal replacement therapy; mechanical ventilation; and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as significant risk factors for blood transfusion in patients with severe COVID-19. Conversely, underlying cerebrovascular diseases, a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of \u22656, admission to intensive care units, and anticoagulant use were identified as protective factors. Conclusions: This study provides an overview of blood transfusion patterns in patients with severe COVID-19. Understanding these patterns may help optimize the stockpiling of medical resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T11:48:56Z","timestamp":1733226536000},"page":"7327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Blood Transfusion Utilization in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Young Joo","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Woong","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7340-1049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujin","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4748-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University College of Engineering, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Jun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bigdata Convergence, Korea University Graduate School of SW&AI Convergence, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang Wook","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6314-4621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki Hoon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korea University Anam Hospital Bloodless Medicine Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8435-935X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Kyung","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e756","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30186-1","article-title":"Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Supply and Use of Blood for Transfusion","volume":"7","author":"Stanworth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12981","article-title":"Re-examine the Transfusion Transmitted Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Virus during a Major COVID-19 Outbreak in 2022","volume":"33","author":"Ng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transfus. 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